,! ,RULES ( ,UNIFI$ ,5GLI% ,BRL ,SECOND ,$I;N #BJAC ,$IT$ BY ,*RI/9E ,SIMPSON ,PUBLI%$ BY ,9T]NA;NAL ,C\NCIL ON ,5GLI% ,BRL WWW4ICEB4ORG ,COPY"R3 ^C #BJAC ,TRANSCRIP;N ( ,,ISBN3 #IGH-#J-#IHJGJFD-#F-#H ,TRANSCRIB$ #BJAC1 BY ,M>Y ,HUR[S .=\ .=\O .=\% .=\[ .=\+ """""""""""" #BA #C4C ,A/]ISK .="9 DA7] .=@,? & D\BLE DA7] .=@,] """""""""""""""" #BA #C4D ,BRL GR\P+ 9DICATORS .=< .=> """" #BC #C4E ,BULLET .=_4 """""""" #BD #C4F ,C>ET .=@5 """""""""" #BD #C4G ,COMM]CIAL AT SIGN .=@A """"""""""""""""" #BE #C4H ,COPY"R .=^C REGI/]$ .=^R & TRADEM>K .=^T SIGNS "" #BE TABLE ( 3T5TS P#A FRONT MATT] A;III #C4I ,CROSSES .=@,? .=;X .=;,X .="8 """"""""""" #BE #C4AJ ,CURR5CY SIGNS .=@C .=@E .=@F .=@L .=@N .=@S .=@Y """"""" #BF #C4AA ,DEGREES .=^J M9UTES .=7 .=' & SECONDS .=77 .=,7 """" #BG #C4AB ,DITTO M>K .="1 """" #BH #C4AC ,DOT LOCATOR = 8M5;N0 .=.= """""""""" #BH ---------------------------;IV #C4AD ,DOT LOCATOR = 8USE0 .=""= """""""""" #BI #C4AE ,FEET .=7 .=' & 9*ES .=77 .=,7 """"""" #CJ #C4AF ,FEMALE "<,V5US"> .=^X & MALE "<,M>S"> .=^Y SIGNS """"""""""" #CJ #C4AG ,MA!MATICAL SIGNS3 PLUS .="6 EQUALS .="7 MULTIPLICA;N .="8 DIVI.N .="/ TABLE ( 3T5TS P#B FRONT MATT] A;IV M9US .="- RATIO .=3 PROPOR;N .=33 LESS- ?AN .=@< & GRT]-?AN .=@> """"""""""""""""" #CA #C4AH ,MUSIC A3ID5TALS3 NATURAL .=#* FLAT .=#< %>P .=#% """""""" #CB #C4AI ,NUMB] SIGN " .=_? """""" #CC #C4BJ ,P>AGRAPH .=^P & SEC;N .=^S SIGNS """"" #CC #C4BA ,P]C5T SIGN .=.0 """ #CC #C4BB ,%APES .=$ """"""""" #CD #C4BC ,SPACE """"""""""""" #CE #C4BD ,SUBSCRIPT .=5 & SUP]SCRIPT .=9 9DICATORS """""""""""" #CF #C4BE ,TILDE " .=@9 """"""""""" #CF #C4BF ,TRANSCRIB]-DEF9$ SYMBOLS .=? .=#? .=@#? .=^#? .=_#? TABLE ( 3T5TS P#C FRONT MATT] B;IV .="#? .=.#? """""""""" #CG #C4BG ,TRANSCRIB]'S NOTE 9DICATORS .=@.< .=@.> """""""""" #CI ,SEC;N #D3 ,LRS & ,_! ,MODIFI]S #DA #D4A ,5GLI% ALPHABET """"" #DA #D4B ,MODIFI]S """"""""""" #DB #D4C ,LIGATUR$ LRS """"""" #DF #D4D ,5G & S*WA """""""""" #DG #D4E ,GREEK LRS """""""""" #DH ,SEC;N #E3 ,GRADE #A ,MODE """ #EA #E4A ,MODE 9DICATORS """"" #EA #E4B ,GRADE #A SYMBOL 9DICATOR .=; """"""""" #EA #E4C ,GRADE #A ^W 9DICATOR .=;; """""""" #EB #E4D ,GRADE #A PASSAGE 9DICATOR .=;;; """"""" #EB #E4E ,GRADE #A T]M9ATOR TABLE ( 3T5TS P#D FRONT MATT] C;IV .=;' """"""""""""""""" #EC #E4F ,NUM]IC 9DICATOR .=# """""""""""""""""" #EC #E4G ,GRADE #A MODE AVOIDS 3FU.N ) 3TRAC;NS """"""""""""" #ED #E4H ,GRADE #A 9DICATORS & CAPITALISA;N """"""" #EE #E4I ,*OICE ( 9DICATORS "" #EF #E4AJ ,OP;NAL USE ( ! GRADE #A 9DICATOR """" #EG #E4AA ,USE ( GRADE #A 9DICATORS 9 GRADE #A TEXT """"""""""""""""" #EG ,SEC;N #F3 ,NUM]IC ,MODE """" #EI #F4A ,NUM]IC 9DICATORS .=#A .=#B .=#C .=#D .=#E .=#F .=#G .=#H .=#I .=#J .=#1 .=#4 "" #EI #F4B ,NUM]IC MODE SYMBOLS """""""""""""" #FJ TABLE ( 3T5TS P#E FRONT MATT] D;IV #F4C ,T]M9A;N ( NUM]IC MODE """"""""""""""""" #FA #F4D ,PLACE;T ( NUM]IC PREFIX ) FULL /OP " """""""""""" #FA #F4E ,NUM]IC 9DICATORS SET GRADE #A MODE """" #FB ----------------------------;V #F4F ,! NUM]IC SPACE .="A .="B .="C .="D .="E .="F .="G .="H .="I .="J """""""""""" #FC #F4G ,TR1T;T ( DATES1 "T1 CO9AGE1 ETC4 """"" #FD #F4H ,SPAC$ NUM]IC 9DICATOR .=# """"""""" #FE #F4I ,NUM]IC PASSAGE 9DICATOR .=## & NUM]IC T]M9ATOR .=#' #FF #F4AJ ,DIVI.N ( A NUMB] 2T L9ES """""""""""""" #FF TABLE ( 3T5TS P#F FRONT MATT] A;V ,SEC;N #G3 ,PUNCTUA;N """"" #FI #G4A ,G5]AL """""""""""""" #GJ #G4B ,DA%1 L[ L9E "<"USCORE">1 L;G DA% & HYPH5 .=,- .=.- .=",- .=- """""""""""" #GB ,HYPH5" US$ Z DA% "" #GC #G4C ,ELLIPSIS .=444 """"" #GD #G4D ,SOLIDUS "<=W>D SLA%"> .=_/ """""""""" #GD #G4E ,"Q M>K .=8 """"""""" #GE #G4F ,QUOTA;N M>KS .=8 .=0 .=^8 .=^0 .=,8 .=,0 .=_8 .=_0 .=,7 .=' """""""""""" #GF #G4G ,MULTI-L9E BRACKETS .=,"< .=,"> .=,.< .=,.> .=,_< .=,_> """""""""" #GH TABLE ( 3T5TS P#G FRONT MATT] B;V ,SEC;N #H3 ,CAPITALISA;N """" #GI #H4A ,USE ( CAPITALS """"" #GI #H4B ,EXT5T ( CAPITALS MODE """"""""""""""""" #GI #H4C ,DEF9+ A CAPITAL LR #GI #H4D ,CAPITALIS$ ^W 9DICATOR .=,, """""""" #HJ #H4E ,CAPITALIS$ PASSAGE 9DICATOR .=,,, """"""" #HC #H4F ,CAPITALS T]M9ATOR .=,' """"""""""""""""" #HF #H4G ,PLACE;T ( 9DICATORS """""""""""" #HG #H4H ,*OICE ( CAPITALIS$ 9DICATORS """""""""""" #HG #H4I ,A35T$ LRS 9 FULLY CAPITALIS$ ^WS """"""" #HI TABLE ( 3T5TS P#H #AI ,! ,RULES ( ,UNIFI$ ,5GLI% ,BRL ,SECOND ,$I;N #BJAC ,SEC;N #C3 ,G5]AL ,SYMBOLS & ,9DICATORS .= SPACE " .=< OP5+ BRL GR\P+ 9DICATOR " .=? F/ TRANSCRIB]-DEF9$ PR9T SYMBOL " .=$ %APE 9DICATOR " .=\ >R[ 9DICATOR " .=\O SIMPLE "R PO9T+ >R[ " " .=\% SIMPLE D[N PO9T+ >R[ " " .=\[ SIMPLE LEFT PO9T+ >R[ " " .=\+ SIMPLE UP PO9T+ >R[ #C #A SYMBOLS & 9D4 A#AI " " .=3 RATIO " .=33 PROPOR;N " .=5 SUBSCRIPT 9DICATOR " .=7 PRIME " .=77 D\BLE PRIME " .=9 SUP]SCRIPT 9DICATOR " .=#* NATURAL " .=#< FLAT " .=#% %>P " .=#? SECOND TRANSCRIB]-DEF9$ PR9T SYMBOL " .=> CLOS+ BRL GR\P+ 9DICATOR " .=@A COMM]CIAL AT SIGN " .=@C C5T SIGN " .=@E EURO SIGN " .=@F ,FR5* FRANC SIGN " .=@L P.D SIGN " " .=@N NAIRA SIGN " .=@S DOLL> SIGN " .=@Y Y5 SIGN " " .=@& AMP]S& " .=@< LESS-?AN SIGN " .=@5 C>ET " ---------------------------#BJ .=@9 TILDE " " .=@#? ?IRD TRANSCRIB]-DEF9$ PR9T SYMBOL " .=@> GRT]-?AN SIGN " .=@.< OP5+ TRANSCRIB]'S NOTE 9DICATOR " .=@.> CLOS+ TRANSCRIB]'S NOTE 9DICATOR " .=@,? DA7] " #C #C SYMBOLS & 9D4 A#BJ .=@,] D\BLE DA7] " .=^C COPY"R SIGN " .=^J DEGREE SIGN " .=^P P>AGRAPH SIGN " .=^R REGI/]$ SIGN " .=^S SEC;N SIGN " .=^T TRADEM>K SIGN " .=^X FEMALE SIGN "<,V5US"> " .=^Y MALE SIGN "<,M>S"> " .=^#? F\R? TRANSCRIB]-DEF9$ PR9T SYMBOL " .=_? NUMB] SIGN " " .=_4 BULLET " .=_#? FIF? TRANSCRIB]-DEF9$ PR9T SYMBOL " .="1 DITTO M>K " .="6 PLUS SIGN " #C #D SYMBOLS & 9D4 B#BJ .="7 EQUALS SIGN " .="8 MULTIPLICA;N SIGN " .="9 A/]ISK ""> " .="/ DIVI.N SIGN " .="#? SIX? TRANSCRIB]-DEF9$ PR9T SYMBOL " .="- M9US SIGN " .=""= DOT LOCATOR = 8USE0 " .=.= DOT LOCATOR = 8M5;N0 " .=.0 P]C5T SIGN " .=.#? SEV5? TRANSCRIB]-DEF9$ PR9T SYMBOL " ---------------------------#BA #C4A ,AMP]S& .=@& #C4A4A ,FOLL[ PR9T = ! USE ( ! AMP]S&4 #C4A4A #E SYMBOLS & 9D4 A#BA ,EXAMPLES3 ,M>KS @& ,SP;ER ,,AT@&,T ,B@&,B @&C " #C4B ,>R[S .=\ .=\O .=\% .=\[ .=\+ #C4B4A ,FOLL[ PR9T = ! USE ( >R[S4 ,9 NON-TE*NICAL MAT]IAL1 LI/ ! COMPLETE >R[ SYMBOL "<)\T ANY GRADE #A 9DICATOR"> & XS M1N+ ON ! SYMBOLS PAGE OR 9 A TRANSCRIB]'S NOTE4 .1,NOTE3 ,! GRADE #A 9DICATOR MAY 2 REQUIR$ 2F ! >R[ SYMBOL TO AVOID X 2+ MISR1D4 .1,REF] .1TO3 ,SEC;N #AA4F1 ,TE*NICAL ,MAT]IAL1 & .7,GUIDEL9ES = ,TE*NICAL ,MAT]IAL1.' ,"P #AC1 = FUR!R #C4B4A #F SYMBOLS & 9D4 B#BA 9=MA;N ON >R[S4 ,EXAMPLES3 ,ROAD SIGNS ( ;\O & ;\[ M>K DET\RS4 ,PUT A ;\+ ON ! MAP TO 9DICATE NOR?4 ,>R[ US$ 9 ! FOLL[+ EXAMPLE3 .=\4% D[N >R[ ) %>P TURN "R ,! ,,5T] KEY IS ! "O ) ;\4% ON X4 #C4C ,A/]ISK .="9 DA7] .=@,? & D\BLE DA7] .=@,] #C4C4A ,FOLL[ PR9T = ! USE ( ! A/]ISK1 DA7] & D\BLE DA7]1 REG>D.S ( M1N+4 ---------------------------#BB .1,NOTE3 ,= EXAMPLE1 ! DA7] MAY 2 US$ Z A REF];E M>K1 OR Z ! ,LAT9 OR #C4C4A #G SYMBOLS & 9D4 A#BB ,*RI/IAN CROSS TO SIGNIFY D1? OR A MEMB] ( ! CL]GY4 .1,NOTE3 ,USUALLY ! A/]ISK & "S"TS ! DA7] & D\BLE DA7] APPE> RAIS$ F ! BASEL9E 9 PR9T4 ,? IS N 3SID]$ ! SUP]SCRIPT POSI;N4 ,EXAMPLES3 ,M"9,A"9,S"9,H ,SPELL+ ^WS M>K$ ) AN "9 H A SIL5T LR4 ,TO A3ESS YR VOICEMAIL1 /RIKE "9#IH ON YR TELEPH"O4 ,SPE$ "9 "T "7 4T.E4 %[+ "9EMPHASIS"9 9 EMAIL MESSAGES ,IR5E ,V"9"9"9 F\L LANGUAGE S* Z "9_?"9@S6"9 OR ) OMITT$ LRS Z 9 ,D"9"9"9 ,NEW ,_W ,HOTEL "9"9"9"9 #C4C4A #H SYMBOLS & 9D4 B#BB BRO!RS ,J$"9 & ,B5"9"9 ,*AN "9BORN 9 ,H;G ,K;G "9"9BORN 9 ,CANADA ---------------------------#BC ,AU?ORS3 ,ROY ,BR[N1@,? ,%IRLEY ,J"OS1 ,WALT] ,SMI?1@,? ,D\GLAS ,:ITE ,! PA9T] 9CLUD$ DAISIES1"9 :ITE ROSES@,? & IVY@,] 9 ! PORTRAIT4 "9SYMBOLIZ+ 9NOC;E @,?SYMBOLIZ+ VIRTUE @,]SYMBOLIZ+ FIDEL;Y ,-DA%"9,-OR P>5!SES " ,REV4 ,ROB]T ,L[9@,? "9 "9 "9 #C4D ,BRL GR\P+ 9DICATORS .=< .=> #C4D4A ,USE BRL GR\P+ 9DICATORS :5 NEC TO 5SURE T ! PREC$+ BRL SYMBOL OR #C4D4A #I SYMBOLS & 9D4 A#BC 9DICATOR APPLIES TO ALL ! SYMBOLS 5CLOS$ BY ! BRL GR\P+ 9DICATORS R ?AN J TO ! SYMBOL IMMLY FOLL[+4 .1,NOTE3 ,? 9CLUDES A MODIFI] : APPLIES TO M ?AN "O LR & A SUBSCRIPT OR SUP]SCRIPT 9DICATOR : APPLIES TO M ?AN "O 8ITEM04 .1,REF] .1TO3 ,SEC;N #D4B4E1 ,LRS & ,_! ,MODIFI]S & ,SEC;N #AA4D1 ,TE*NICAL ,MAT]IAL4 ---------------------------#BD ,EXAMPLES3 SP@-N MASS;;5 #C4E ,BULLET .=_4 #C4E4A ,FOLL[ PR9T = ! USE ( ! BULLET4 .1,NOTE3 ,AT "TS1 O!R #C4E4A #AJ SYMBOLS & 9D4 A#BD SYMBOLS MAY 2 US$ = A SIMIL> PURPOSE4 .1,REF] .1TO3 #C4BB = %APES & #C4BF = TRANSCRIB]- DEF9$ SYMBOLS4 ,EXAMPLE3 ,NUTRI;NAL 3SID]A;NS 9CLUDE3 _4 C>BOHYDRATES _4 PROTE9 _4 FAT _4 *OLE/]OL _4 FIB] _4 SODIUM #C4F ,C>ET ,=@5 #C4F4A ,FOLL[ PR9T = ! USE ( ! C>ET4 .1,REF] .1TO3 ,SEC;N #D4B1 ,LRS & ,_! ,MODIFI]S1 = ! CIRCUMFLEX A35T .1ABV A LR4 #C4F4A #AA SYMBOLS & 9D4 B#BD ,EXAMPLE3 .ET US$ Z AN $IT+ M>K TO %[ OMIS.NS3.> ---------------------------#BE @7,MY FAV\RITE PETS >E MY DOG@5 MY CAT @5 MY HAM/]4 ,MY JOB @5 TO FE$ !M4@' #C4G ,COMM]CIAL AT SIGN .=@A #C4G4A ,FOLL[ PR9T = ! USE ( ! COMM]CIAL AT SIGN4 ,EXAMPLES3 ,,FLA%@ALIK .=^T SIGNS #C4H4A ,FOLL[ PR9T = ! USE ( ! COPY"R1 REGI/]$ & TRADEM>K #C4H4A #AB SYMBOLS & 9D4 A#BE SIGNS4 ,USUALLY ! TRADEM>K SIGN APPE>S RAIS$ F ! BASEL9E 9 PR9T4 ,? IS N 3SID]$ ! SUP]SCRIPT POSI;N4 ,EXAMPLES3 ,COPY"R ^C #BJJI ^C#BJJI ,QUICK,TAX^T F ,9TUIT^R ,CANADA ,LIMIT$ #C4I ,CROSSES .=@,? .=;X .=;,X .="8 #C4I4A ,PR9T USES CROSSES = A V>IETY ( PURPOSES4 ,SELECT ! APPROPRIATE BRL SYMBOL BAS$ ON ! PURPOSE ( ! CROSS4 .1,NOTE3 ,USE ! LR 8;X0 OR 8;,X0 ONLY :5 ! CROSS HAS NO MA!MATICAL OR SCI5TIFIC M1N+2 = EXAMPLE3 TO REPRES5T A KISS4 .1,REF] .1TO3 #C4C = USE ( #C4I4A #AC SYMBOLS & 9D4 B#BE ! DA7] Z A ,LAT9 OR ,*RI/IAN CROSS "2 & TO #C4AG = ! MULTIPLICA;N SIGN : IS US$ TO %[ DIM5.NS1 DEGREE ( MAGNIFICA;N1 & CROSSES 2T BRE$S ( ANIMALS OR 2T V>IETIES ( PLANTS4 ---------------------------#BF ,EXAMPLES3 ,) LOVE1 ,,XXOO ,S1L$ ) A ;,X ,ILLIT]ATE P USUALLY SIGN$ _! "N ) AN ;,X4 A #DX#D VEHICLE A #B"8#D BO>D #AE"8#AE"8#BJ CM ,! ROOM IS #AB FT4 "8 #AF FT4 A #AJ"8 L5S ,LABRADOR "8 ,POODLE #C4I4A #AD SYMBOLS & 9D4 A#BF #C4AJ ,CURR5CY SIGNS .=@C .=@E .=@F .=@L .=@N .=@S .=@Y #C4AJ4A ,FOLL[ PR9T = ! USE ( CURR5CY SIGNS4 .1,NOTE3 ,"S CURR5CIES >E 9DICAT$ BY A LR OR LRS "K1 8;P0 = P;E1 8;,R0 = ,R&">4 .1,REF] .1TO3 #C4BF1 = TRANSCRIB]-DEF9$ SYMBOLS TO REPRES5T CURR5CY SIGNS ) NO ,,UEB SYMBOLS4 ,EXAMPLES3 #AJ@C #II;C ,,DM#H @S#F ,A@S#DJ @S#AI4IE @S#BC1GHC1BJJ @S#B;BN "<#B BILLION DOLL>S"> #C4AJ4A #AE SYMBOLS & 9D4 B#BF ,,US@S @S,X ,! @S ROSE4 ---------------------------#BG @SHOP = @SAV+@S #BJ@S#JJ "<#BJ ESCUDOS"> @E#GE #CJ1JJ@E @E & @L A3EPT$ #F@E#EJ @F#A #A @E "7 #F4EEIEG@F #E,F CO9 @N#J4BJ "7 #BJ KOBO @L#BD ,IR@L @L#CM "<#C MILLION P.DS"> ! @L ROSE @L,X @L#G #HS #I;D @L#G_/#H_/#I @L#G-#H-#I #BP CO9 ,R#BE ,R#E1GJ @Y#CFJ #C4AA ,DEGREES .=^J M9UTES .=7 .=' & SECONDS .=77 .=,7 #C4AA4A ,FOLL[ PR9T = USE ( ! #C4AA4A #AF SYMBOLS & 9D4 A#BG DEGREE SIGN & ! PRIME SIGNS4 .1,NOTE3 ,! M9UTE MAY 2 %[N 9 PR9T BY AN APO/ROPHE & ! SECOND BY A NONDIREC;NAL D\BLE QUOTE4 ,? USAGE C 2 FOLL[$ 9 BRL4 ,EXAMPLES3 #FJ ^J #BA^J,C #GJ^J ;,F ^J,C ,X^J ---------------------------#BH #BEJ^J1 #CEJ^J1 OR #DEJ^J8 #CC^J#EA7#CE4I77,S #AEA^J #AB' #DJ,7 ;,E #C4AB ,DITTO M>K .="1 #C4AB4A ,FOLL[ PR9T = ! NUMB] US$ & ! APPROXIMATE PLACE;T ( ! DITTO M>K1 T IS1 "U ! ITEM T X REF]S TO ON ! L9E ABV4 #C4AB4A #AG SYMBOLS & 9D4 A#BH ,EXAMPLES3 LIV+ ROOM3 PIONE] BLUE D9+ ROOM3 "1 "1 KIT*53 "1 YELL[ ,MON #AJ-#AB /UDY #B-#D ,5G PT#A ,TUES "1 "1 "1 "1 PT#B ,W$ "1 ,SCI;E "1 ,>T ,ANNE ,- VILLAGE GIRL ,JOAN ,- "1 "1 #C4AC ,DOT LOCATOR = 8M5;N0 .=.= #C4AC4A ,USE A DOT LOCATOR = 8M5;N0 TO SET A"P A BRL SYMBOL : IS "U 4CUS.N1 Z 9 A SYMBOLS LI/1 A TRANSCRIB]'S NOTE OR 9 A PUBLICA;N AB BRL S* Z ? "O4 ,PLACE ! DOT #C4AC4A #AH SYMBOLS & 9D4 B#BH LOCATOR = 8M5;N0 2F ! BRL SYMBOL & UNSPAC$ F X4 ---------------------------#BI ,:5 A DOT LOCATOR = 8M5;N0 IS US$1 D N LI/ ! DOT NUMB]S ( ! BRL SYMBOL4 .1,NOTE3 ,A BRL SYMBOL1 E4G4 A TYPE=M 9DICATOR OR A GRADE #A 9DICATOR1 PREC$$ BY ! DOT LOCATOR = 8M5;N0 DOES N H XS NORMAL E6ECT ON ! FOLL[+ TEXT4 ,EXAMPLES3 .<,! DOT LOCATOR IS N %[N 9 ! PR9T COPY 9 ^! EXAMPLES4.> . .=$#D SQU>E .=@7 SCRIPT PASSAGE 9DICATOR .=^/ ACUTE A35T OV] FOLL[+ LR #C4AC4A #AI SYMBOLS & 9D4 A#BI . @.<,9 ! DIC;N>Y EXAMPLE 2L1 .=@- IS A MACRON OV] ! FOLL[+ LR & .=@+ IS A BREVE OV] ! FOLL[+ LR4@.> . ,! CAPITALS PASSAGE 9DICATOR .=,,, SETS CAPITALS MODE UNTIL X IS T]M9AT$ BY .=,' : IS ! CAPITALS T]M9ATOR4 #C4AD ,DOT LOCATOR = 8USE0 .=""= #C4AD4A ,USE A DOT LOCATOR = 8USE0 UNSPAC$ 2F A BRL SYMBOL TO ASSURE T X W 2 PHYSICALLY RECOGNIZABLE4 ,A BRL SYMBOL : HAS ONLY L[] DOTS & : IS ISOLAT$ F O!R TEXT MAY O!RWISE #C4AD4A #BJ SYMBOLS & 9D4 #CJ 2 MISR1D4 ,A BRL SYMBOL PREC$$ BY A DOT LOCATOR = 8USE0 RETA9S XS NORMAL E6ECT ON TEXT4 ,EXAMPLES3 .KS3.> ""=1 ""=2 ""=3 "333333 "333333 "333333 . ""=;;;,,, I D E A T O R N S T A T ""=,';' #C4AE ,FEET .=7 .=' & 9*ES .=77 .=,7 #C4AE4A ,FOLL[ PR9T = ! USE ( #C4AE4A #BA SYMBOLS & 9D4 A#CJ ! PRIME SIGN4 .1,NOTE3 ,! FOOT MAY 2 %[N 9 PR9T BY AN APO/ROPHE & ! 9* BY A NONDIREC;NAL D\BLE QUOTE4 ,? C 2 FOLL[$ 9 BRL4 ,EXAMPLES3 #F7 #I77 #E7#AJ77 #D' #AA,7 ,X77 L;G #C4AF ,FEMALE "<,V5US"> .=^X & MALE "<,M>S"> .=^Y SIGNS #C4AF4A ,FOLL[ PR9T = ! USE ( ! FEMALE "<,V5US"> & MALE "<,M>S"> SIGNS4 ---------------------------#CA ,EXAMPLE3 . ,AMY ,FLOR;E ,,SAMPSON ^X #AHHA-#AIEF #C4AF4A #BB SYMBOLS & 9D4 A#CA ,C>LYLE ,K5N$Y ,,SAMPSON ^Y #AHHE-#AIGE #C4AG ,MA!MATICAL SIGNS3 PLUS .="6 EQUALS .="7 MULTIPLICA;N .="8 DIVI.N .="/ M9US .="- RATIO .=3 PROPOR;N .=33 LESS-?AN .=@< & GRT]-?AN .=@> #C4AG4A ,FOLL[ PR9T SPAC+ = USE ( ! PLUS1 EQUALS1 MULTIPLICA;N1 DIVI.N1 M9US1 RATIO1 PROPOR;N1 LESS-?AN & GRT]-?AN SIGNS :5 US$ 9 NON- TE*NICAL MAT]IAL4 ,EXAMPLES3 Z EASY Z #B "6 #B "7 #D CORN "- ;C "6 ;B "7 BORN #E IS #BE.0 ( #BJ "<#E "/ #BJ "8 #AJJ"> POSITRON @< POSI" "6 "TRON #C4AG4A #BC SYMBOLS & 9D4 B#CA "6#DD"ABCD"EFGHIJ "<,,UK PH"O NUMB]"> A FRAME ) AN OP5+ #G77,W"8#E77,H ---------------------------#CB A MAP ) A SCALE ( #A3#EJJ1JJJ H& 3 >M 33 FOOT 3 LEG #C4AH ,MUSIC A3ID5TALS3 NATURAL .=#* FLAT .=#< %>P .=#% #C4AH4A ,FOLL[ PR9T = ! TRANSCRIP;N ( ! NATURAL1 FLAT & %>P SIGNS )9 ,,UEB TEXT4 ,EXAMPLES3 ,B#< TRUMPET ,! ,C#% PAVILION IS "ND = ,CECIL ,%>P4 ,! SCALE ( ;,G MAJOR 9CLUDES ! NOTE ,F#%4 #C4AH4A #BD SYMBOLS & 9D4 A#CB ,A JAZZ #B-#E-#A PROGRES.N 9 ;,C M9OR CD 2 ,DM#G#<#E - ,G#G#%#I - ,CM#G4 ,! #* SIGN ON A NOTE C.ELS ! E6ECT ( ANY #% OR #< 9 ! KEY SIGNATURE4 ! DOM9ANT *ORD ;G-B#*-;D ---------------------------#CC 444 WE OBTA9 ! "S:AT M TRANSP>5T RELA;N ,X;9#<"<,Y"> "7 @<,X1 ,Y@> = ALL VECTORS ;,X & ;,Y4 #C4AH4B ,:5 ! NATURAL1 FLAT & %>P SIGNS >E F.D )9 MUSICAL NOTA;N1 USE ! PROVI.NS ( ! .7,NEW ,9T]NA;NAL ,MANUAL ( ,BRL ,MUSIC ,NOTA;N.' = _! TRANSCRIP;N4 #C4AH4B #BE SYMBOLS & 9D4 A#CC #C4AI ,NUMB] SIGN " .=_? #C4AI4A ,FOLL[ PR9T = USE ( ! NUMB] SIGN4 ,EXAMPLES3 _?#D ,APT4 _?,D #BJ_? BAG ( FL\R ,PRESS ! _? KEY ON ! TELEPH"O4 #C4BJ ,P>AGRAPH .=^P & SEC;N .=^S SIGNS #C4BJ4A ,FOLL[ PR9T = USE ( ! P>AGRAPH & SEC;N SIGNS4 ,EXAMPLES3 ^P#C ^P,C ^PG ,CLICK ON ! ^P ICON ON ! TOOLB>4 ^S#E ^S,K #C4BJ4A #BF SYMBOLS & 9D4 B#CC ^SD ^S^S #E-#AE #C4BA ,P]C5T SIGN .=.0 #C4BA4A ,FOLL[ PR9T = USE ( ! P]C5T SIGN4 ---------------------------#CD ,EXAMPLES3 #E.0 #IE .0 A #EJ.0 9CR1SE .0 ( POPULA;N #C4BB ,%APES .=$ #C4BB4A ,9 NON-TE*NICAL MAT]IAL1 LI/ ! COMPLETE %APE SYMBOL "<)\T ANY GRADE #A 9DICATOR"> & XS M1N+ ON ! SYMBOLS PAGE OR 9 A TRANSCRIB]'S NOTE4 .1,NOTE3 ,A GRADE #A 9DICATOR MAY NE$ TO 2 ADD$ 2F ! SYMBOL 9 ! TEXT ( ! DOCU;T 2+ TRANSCRIB$4 #C4BB4A #BG SYMBOLS & 9D4 A#CD .1,REF] .1TO3 ,SEC;N #AA4G1 ,TE*NICAL ,MAT]IAL1 & .7,GUIDEL9ES = ,TE*NICAL ,MAT]IAL1.' ,"P #AD1 = FUR!R 9=MA;N ON %APES2 & #C4BF = TRANSCRIB]-DEF9$ SYMBOLS4 ,EXAMPLES3 .T US+ BULLETS1 SQU>ES & CIRCLES3.> _4 ,VICE-,PRESID5T ,CLI5T ,S]VICES ;$#D ,DIRECTOR ,LIBR>Y ,S]VICES ;$= ,MANAG] ,BRL ,PRODUC;N ;$= ,MANAG] ,AUDIO ,PRODUC;N ;$#D ,DIRECTOR ,REHABILITA;N ,S]VICES .<,A /UD5T TEXTBOOK USES ! #C4BB4A #BH SYMBOLS & 9D4 B#CD FOLL[+ ICONS " 2F C]TA9 MAT]IAL3 P5CIL,-,WRITE AN ESSAY2 PO9T+ F+],-,REMEMB]2 "Q M>K 9 A CIRCLE,-,RESE>*4.> ---------------------------#CE @$PENCIL ,RECYCL+ AT MY H\SE4 @$POINT ,/EPS TO TE/ ACID;Y4 ;$=[8 ,RECYCL+ 9 MY T[N4 #C4BC ,SPACE #C4BC4A ,A SPACE IS A BLANK >EA SEP>AT+ ^WS1 LRS1 NUMB]S & PUNCTUA;N4 ,:5"E "! IS "S AM.T ( SPACE 9 PR9T1 9CLUD+ AT ! 5D ( A L9E1 "! IS A SPACE 9 BRL4 ,IF "! IS D\BT Z TO :E!R A SPACE IS PRES5T 9 PR9T1 PRESUME "O IS PRES5T4 ,! AM.T ( SPACE PRES5T IS N 3SID]$ IMPORTANT4 #C4BC4A #BI SYMBOLS & 9D4 A#CE .1,NOTE3 ,9 PR9T1 =MATT+ & O!R TE*NIQUES C L1VE V>Y+ AM.TS ( SPACE4 ,9 BRL1 =MATT+ RULES MAY AL REQUIRE V>Y+ AM.TS ( SPACE1 = EXAMPLE TWO SPACES AT ! 2G9N+ ( A P>AGRAPH & ALIGN+ TEXT 9 A TABLE4 .1,REF] .1TO3 ,SEC;N #F4F1 ,NUM]IC ,MODE1 = ! SPECIAL CASE ( A SPACE US$ Z A SEP>ATOR )9 A NUMB] & TO ,SEC;N #AA4B4B1 ,TE*NICAL ,MAT]IAL1 = SPAC+ 9 MA!MATICS4 ,EXAMPLES3 ,US+ A PROPOR;NAL FONT & SETT+ ! P>AGRAPH M>G9S TO ALIGN AT ! LEFT & ! "R1 PRODUCES V>Y+ AM.TS ( :ITE SPACE 2T ^WS 9 PR9T4 ,? V>IA;N IS IGNOR$ 9 BRL4 #C4BC4A #CJ SYMBOLS & 9D4 #CF ,"S N\NS H ! SAME SPELL+ = ! S+UL> & ! PLURAL3 DE] %EEP SALMON SPECIES ,*9ESE .<,EXAMPLE ^WS >E WIDELY SPAC$ 9 PR9T4.> #C4BD ,SUBSCRIPT .=5 & SUP]SCRIPT .=9 9DICATORS #C4BD4A ,9DICATE ! SUBSCRIPT OR SUP]SCRIPT POSI;N :5 US$ 9 PR9T4 ,9 GRADE #B BRL1 USE GRADE #A MODE = ! SUBSCRIPT & ! SUP]SCRIPT 9DICATORS4 .1,REF] .1TO3 ,SEC;N #AA4D1 ,TE*NICAL ,MAT]IAL1 = SUP]SCRIPTS & SUBSCRIPTS & TO #C4D1 = BRL GR\P+ 9DICATORS4 ,EXAMPLES3 ,W;9M ,H;5#B,O #C YD;9#C #DM9#B VITAM9 ,B;5#AB #C4BD4A #CA SYMBOLS & 9D4 A#CF BORN 9 #AFHB49#C BORN 9 #AIHB49C ,AM]ICA;9#C "<,AM]ICA ,CUB$,-"N ( A SAIL+ %IP"> AN E>?QUAKE M1SUR+ #F4E,M5,W ! CL>ION;9#A HORN ;9#A CL>ION3 L\D & CLE> #C4BE ,TILDE " .=@9 #C4BE4A ,FOLL[ PR9T = USE ( ! TILDE4 ---------------------------#CG .1,REF] .1TO3 ,SEC;N #D4B1 ,LRS & ,_! ,MODIFI]S1 = ! TILDE A35T ABV A LR4 ,EXAMPLES3 .Y3.> H1D ;N4 ! TOP "P ( ! BODY 444 ,-^7BY A @9^' BY ! L5G? ( ! ANIMAL'S H1D1 Z 9 HORSE RAC+ ,-^7@9 OV] #C4BE4A #CB SYMBOLS & 9D4 A#CG HEELS^' TUMBL+ Z 9 A SOM]SAULT @9 VT4 TO 2 9 *>GE ( 444 ,AN ECONOMI/ WD WRITE ;X @9 ;Y TO 9DICATE T A 3SUM] IS 9DI6]5T 2T ! GDS ;X & ;Y4 HTTP3_/_/WWW4BUSI;S4COM_/@9" Y\R"N ,"S P USE ! TILDE >.D ^WS TO 9DICATE AN 9FLECT$ T"O ( VOICE OR S++ Z 9 @9,HAPPY BIR?"D TO Y\@9 #C4BF ,TRANSCRIB]-DEF9$ SYMBOLS .=? .=#? .=@#? .=^#? .=_#? .="#? .=.#? #C4BF4A ,USE A TRANSCRIB]- DEF9$ SYMBOL = ANY PR9T SYMBOL : HAS NO ,,UEB EQUIVAL5T & : O3URS S FREQU5TLY 9 ! TEXT T ! USE ( A TRANSCRIB]-DEF9$ %APE OR #C4BF4A #CC SYMBOLS & 9D4 B#CG COMPOSITE SYMBOL WD 2 ---------------------------#CH IMPRACTICAL4 ,LI/ EA* TRANSCRIB]-DEF9$ SYMBOL US$ & XS M1N+ ON ! SYMBOLS PAGE OR 9 A TRANSCRIB]'S NOTE4 .1,NOTE3 ,9 GRADE #B BRL1 USE GRADE #A MODE = ! F/ TRANSCRIB]-DEF9$ PR9T SYMBOL4 .1,REF] .1TO3 ,SEC;N #D4B1 ,LRS & ,_! ,MODIFI]S1 = TRANSCRIB]-DEF9$ MODIFI]S & ,SEC;N #I4E1 ,TYPE=MS1 = TRANSCRIB]-DEF9$ TYPE=M 9DICATORS4 ,EXAMPLES3 ,SYMBOLS US$ 9 ! FOLL[+ EXAMPLES3 .=? P] MILLE SIGN1 L A P]C5T SIGN B ) TWO Z]OS 9 ! D5OM9ATOR #C4BF4A #CD SYMBOLS & 9D4 A#CH .=#? ,?AI ,BAHT CURR5CY SIGN1 ;,B ) V]TICAL /ROKE "? X .=@#? FL[] SYMBOL ,! AV]AGE SAL9;Y ( S1WAT] IS #CE?4 ,! BAHT 0 FLOAT$ & HALV$ 9 VALUE1 R1*+ XS L[E/ RATE ( #?#EF TO ! DOLL> 9 ,JANU>Y #AIIH4 ,A LI/ ( ITEMS 9 : ^? T C 2 RECYCL$ >E M>K$ ) A FL[] SYMBOL3 A]OSOL CANS @#? BALLOONS ---------------------------#CI BOOKS1 MAGAZ9ES @#? CANS @#? C]AMICS #C4BF4A #CE SYMBOLS & 9D4 A#CI #C4BG ,TRANSCRIB]'S NOTE 9DICATORS .=@.< .=@.> #C4BG4A ,USE ! OP5+ & CLOS+ TRANSCRIB]'S NOTE 9DICATORS Z UNSPAC$ 5CLOSURES >.D ^WS ( EXPLANA;N ADD$ BY ! TRANSCRIB] & EMB$D$ )9 ! TEXT4 ,H["E1 D N USE TRANSCRIB]'S NOTE 9DICATORS = NOTES ON A SEP>ATE PRELIM9>Y PAGE SET UP SPECIFICALLY TO LI/ G5]AL TRANSCRIB]'S NOTES4 ,EXAMPLES3 AN EXAM9A;N ( ! TABUL> 9=MA;N W @.<,TEXT 3T9UES ON PAGE #GH4@.> .<,9 A "WBOOK ! TRANSCRIB] GIVES A NUMB] 9/1D ( LI/+ #C4BG4A #CF SYMBOLS & 9D4 B#CI ! BLANKS %[N 9 PR9T & EXPLA9S X Z FOLL[S3.> @.<,! NUMB] AF EA* "Q GIVES ! NUMB] ( ANSW]S NE$$4@.> .<,9 AN ELE;T>Y "WBOOK1 ! TRANSCRIB] DECIDES N TO USE TYPEFACE 9DICATORS & 9S]TS ! FOLL[+ NOTE3.> @.<,ALL ! PUNCTUA;N M>KS >E "UL9$ 9 ! P>AGRAPH 2L4@.> @.<,! FOLL[+ ?REE TABLES APPE> SIDE BY SIDE 9 ! PR9T4@.> ---------------------------#DJ @.<,BRL SYMBOLS US$ ON ! FOLL[+ PAGE >E .=^N = 5G & .=_5 = S*WA4@.> @.<,9 ! TABLE 2L1 ! COLUMN H1D+S >E A2REVIAT$ Z #C4BG4A #CG SYMBOLS & 9D4 A#DJ FOLL[S3 EMP 9C3 ,EMPLOY;T ,9COME PAYABLE3 ,APPROXIMATE ,TAX ,PAYABLE AV]3 ,AV]AGE ,TAX ,RATE M>G3 ,M>G9AL ,TAX ,RATE@.> #C4BG4A #CH #DA ,SEC;N #D3 ,LRS & ,_! ,MODIFI]S #D4A ,5GLI% ALPHABET .=A LR A .=,A CAPITAL LR ,A .=B LR ;B .=,B CAPITAL LR ;,B .=C LR ;C .=,C CAPITAL LR ;,C .=D LR ;D .=,D CAPITAL LR ;,D .=E LR ;E .=,E CAPITAL LR ;,E .=F LR ;F .=,F CAPITAL LR ;,F .=G LR ;G .=,G CAPITAL LR ;,G .=H LR ;H .=,H CAPITAL LR ;,H .=I LR I .=,I CAPITAL LR ,I .=J LR ;J .=,J CAPITAL LR ;,J .=K LR ;K .=,K CAPITAL LR ;,K .=L LR ;L .=,L CAPITAL LR ;,L .=M LR ;M .=,M CAPITAL LR ;,M .=N LR ;N .=,N CAPITAL LR ;,N .=O LR O .=,O CAPITAL LR ,O .=P LR ;P .=,P CAPITAL LR ;,P .=Q LR ;Q .=,Q CAPITAL LR ;,Q .=R LR ;R .=,R CAPITAL LR ;,R #D4A #CI LRS & MODIF4 A#DA .=S LR ;S .=,S CAPITAL LR ;,S .=T LR ;T .=,T CAPITAL LR ;,T .=U LR ;U .=,U CAPITAL LR ;,U .=V LR ;V .=,V CAPITAL LR ;,V .=W LR ;W .=,W CAPITAL LR ;,W .=X LR ;X .=,X CAPITAL LR ;,X .=Y LR ;Y .=,Y CAPITAL LR ;,Y .=Z LR ;Z .=,Z CAPITAL LR ;,Z #D4A4A ,FOLL[ PR9T = ! TRANSCRIP;N ( LRS4 .1,REF] .1TO3 ,SEC;N #B4F1 ,T]M9OLOGY & ,G5]AL ,RULES1 ,SEC;N #E1 ,GRADE #A ,MODE1 ,SEC;N #H1 ,CAPITALISA;N & ,SEC;N #AJ1 ,3TRAC;NS = M 9=MA;N4 ---------------------------#DB ,EXAMPLES3 ,A BOY & 8 DOG 7 ON ! PA?4 ,MC,MURDO ,S.D ,O',FLAH]TY #D4A4A #DJ LRS & MODIF4 A#DB ! ,A TRA9 & ! ;,B TRA9 ,,IBM OR ,MICROS(T ,,,SPOT6 G HOME6,' YR ;,,CD PLAY] B MY ,,CD,'S IL,,LOG,'ICAL ,O,FR "<,OLD ,FR5*"> #D4B ,MODIFI]S .=@* SOLIDUS "<=W>D SLA%"> OV]LAY ON FOLL[+ LR .=@3 HORIZONTAL /ROKE OV]LAY ON FOLL[+ LR .=@+ BREVE ABV FOLL[+ LR .=@- MACRON ABV FOLL[+ LR .=^& C$ILLA 2L FOLL[+ LR .=^* GRAVE A35T ABV FOLL[+ LR .=^% CIRCUMFLEX ABV FOLL[+ LR .=^$ R+ " ABV FOLL[+ LR .=^] TILDE ABV FOLL[+ LR .=^3 DIA]ESIS " ABV FOLL[+ LR .=^/ ACUTE A35T ABV FOLL[+ LR #D4B #DA LRS & MODIF4 B#DB .=^+ C>ON " ABV FOLL[+ LR .=^_1 F/ TRANSCRIB]-DEF9$ MODIFI] ON FOLL[+ LR .=^_2 SECOND TRANSCRIB]-DEF9$ MODIFI] ON FOLL[+ LR .=^_- ?IRD TRANSCRIB]-DEF9$ MODIFI] ON FOLL[+ LR ---------------------------#DC .=,@* SOLIDUS "<=W>D SLA%"> OV]LAY ON FOLL[+ CAPITAL LR .=,@3 HORIZONTAL /ROKE OV]LAY ON FOLL[+ CAPITAL LR .=,@+ BREVE ABV FOLL[+ CAPITAL LR .=,@- MACRON ABV FOLL[+ CAPITAL LR .=,^& C$ILLA 2L FOLL[+ CAPITAL LR .=,^* GRAVE A35T ABV FOLL[+ CAPITAL LR .=,^% CIRCUMFLEX ABV FOLL[+ CAPITAL LR #D4B #DB LRS & MODIF4 A#DC .=,^$ R+ " ABV FOLL[+ CAPITAL LR .=,^] TILDE ABV FOLL[+ CAPITAL LR .=,^3 DIA]ESIS " ABV FOLL[+ CAPITAL LR .=,^/ ACUTE A35T ABV FOLL[+ CAPITAL LR .=,^+ C>ON " ABV FOLL[+ CAPITAL LR .=,^_1 F/ TRANSCRIB]-DEF9$ MODIFI] ON FOLL[+ CAPITAL LR .=,^_2 SECOND TRANSCRIB]-DEF9$ MODIFI] ON FOLL[+ CAPITAL LR .=,^_- ?IRD TRANSCRIB]-DEF9$ MODIFI] ON FOLL[+ CAPITAL LR #D4B4A ,PLACE A MODIFI] 2F ! LR X MODIFIES 9 BRL1 IRRESPECTIVE ( :E!R X APPE>S ABV1 2L OR OV]LAY+ ! LETT]" 9 PR9T4 ,:5"E A TRANSCRIB]-DEF9$ MODIFI] IS #D4B4A #DC LRS & MODIF4 B#DC US$1 GIVE ! PR9T SYMBOL X REPRES5TS 9 A TRANSCRIB]'S NOTE OR ON A SYMBOLS PAGE4 ,EXAMPLES3 CR^*EME BR^%UL^/EE CAF^/E "<;,FR4"> CA6^*E "<,X4"> UN BEL D^*I ,IM ,FR^3UHL+ CURA^&C^]AO SK^$AL6 MA^%ITRE D'H^%OTEL ---------------------------#DD ,^/ETI5NE H^/A^+CEK ,BJ@*ORN/J]NE ,BJ@*ORNSON ,BIA@*LKA ,RIV] ,^3ORESUND ,BRIDGE ,%@-AH ,JAH@-AN BUILT ! ,T@-AJ ,MAHAL4 ,S@+AP^%AN^_1TA1 ,ROMANIA .<,9 ? EXAMPLE1 ! F/ TRANSCRIB]-DEF9$ MODIFI] #D4B4A #DD LRS & MODIF4 A#DD REPRES5TS A COMMA "U ! FOLL[+ LR4.> ,@3HA^_2G> ,QIM 9 ,MALTA .<,9 ? EXAMPLE1 ! SECOND TRANSCRIB]-DEF9$ MODIFI] REPRES5TS A DOT ABV ! FOLL[+ LR4.> #D4B4B ,IF AN 9DICATOR IS REQUIR$ IMMLY 2F A MODIFI$ LR1 PLACE ! 9DICATOR 2F ! MODIFI]4 ,EXAMPLES3 ^1,^+ZDI>1 ^1,SLOVAKIA ,,,^*A LA C>TE M5U,' #D4B4C ,MODIFI]S ON LRS D N T]M9ATE CAPITALIS$ ^W MODE4 ,EXAMPLE3 ,,AO^%UT #D4B4C #DE LRS & MODIF4 B#DD #D4B4D ,A MODIFI$ LR MAY N =M "P ( A 3TRAC;N4 ,EXAMPLES3 B.S^*ED ,G^/EN^/ERAL DE ,GAULLE ---------------------------#DE ,PROM^/E?^/EE 5*A^%IN^/E B1U ID^/EAL ?^/E^%ATRE ,L^3OW5?AL SE^]NOR ,M^3AR*5 ,H^3ANDEL .1,NOTE3 ,9 ^WS S* Z .1?^/E^%ATRE ": ! 3TRAC;N = .1THE IS N US$1 ! 3TRAC;N = .1TH C 2 US$4 #D4B4E ,IF A S+LE MODIFI] APPLIES TO M ?AN "O LR1 5CLOSE ! MODIFI$ LRS 9 BRL GR\P+ 9DICATORS4 ,GRADE #A 9DICATORS >E N REQUIR$ = ! #D4B4E #DF LRS & MODIF4 A#DE BRL GR\P+ 9DICATORS S9CE ! MODIFI] C N 2 FOLL[$ BY A 3TRAC;N4 ,EXAMPLE3 @- Z 9 TOOL #D4B4F ,": A MODIFI] IS %[N 9 PR9T )\T AN ASSOCIAT$ LR1 Z 9 A DIC;N>Y 5TRY OR 9 9/RUC;NAL MAT]IAL1 FOLL[ PR9T4 .1,REF] .1TO3 ,SEC;NS #C4F & #C4BE1 ,G5]AL ,SYMBOLS & ,9DICATORS1 = ! C>ET & ! TILDE "2 & ,SEC;N #G4A1 PUNCTUA;N1 = ! SOLIDUS "<=W>D SLA%"> :5 ^! >E SEP>ATE "*S R ?AN MODIFI]S4 ,EXAMPLE3 ! ACUTE "<^/"> & GRAVE #D4B4F #DG LRS & MODIF4 B#DE "<^*"> A35TS #D4B4G ,USE ! MODIFI]S LI/$ ABV ONLY 9 =EIGN LANGUAGE ^WS & PHRASES 9 ,5GLI% 3TEXT 9T5D$ PRIM>ILY = LEISURE R1D+1 9 ,5GLI% ^WS OR 9 ANGLICIS$ ^WS & PHRASES4 ,": A SIGNIFICANT K ( A =EIGN LANGUAGE IS PRESUPPOS$ OR IS 2+ TAU.E IS #D4B4H #DH LRS & MODIF4 A#DF VISUALLY SIMIL> 9 PR9T4 .7,REF] TO3 ,GUIDEL9ES = ,TE*NICAL ,MAT]IAL4.' #D4C ,LIGATUR$ LRS .=^6 LIGATURE 9DICATOR .=,^6 LIGATURE 9DICATOR ": ONLY FOLL[+ LR IS CAPITALIS$ #D4C4A ,PLACE ! LIGATURE 9DICATOR 2T TWO LRS : >E JO9$ TO EA* O!R 9 PR9T4 ,V>I\S ME?ODS >E US$ 9 PR9T TO JO9 LRS1 9CLUD+ B N LIMIT$ TO CROSS B>S 2T ! LRS1 TIE B>S OR SLURS OV] OR "U ! LRS1 & LRS JO9$ TGR & PR9T$ Z "O SYMBOL4 ,DESCRIBE ! ME?OD US$ 9 A TRANSCRIB]'S NOTE OR ON ! SYMBOLS PAGE4 ,EXAMPLES3 ,CO^6EUR DE ,LION #D4C4A #DI LRS & MODIF4 B#DF HELP T^6HE MAN FI^6END T^6HE RO^6ED . #D4C4B ,! LIGATURE 9DICATOR IS 3SID]$ A MODIFI]4 ,X DOES N T]M9ATE CAPITALIS$ ^W MODE & A LR JO9$ TO ANO!R BY A LIGATURE MAY N =M "P ( A 3TRAC;N4 ,EXAMPLE3 ,,O^6EDIPUS #D4C4C ,AN 9DICATOR 2F ! F/ LR JO9$ TO ANO!R BY A LIGATURE APPLIES ONLY TO ! F/ LR4 ,:5 AN 9DICATOR IS REQUIR$ = ! SECOND LR1 PLACE ! 9DICATOR 2F ! LIGATURE 9DICATOR4 ,EXAMPLES3 ,A,^6ETNA #D4C4C #EJ LRS & MODIF4 C#DF .1T^6H Z 9 ! ---------------------------#DG ,T^6H@+ESSAL@-ON@+IAN #D4C4D ,:5 A MODIFI] IS REQUIR$ = A LR JO9$ TO ANO!R BY A LIGATURE1 PLACE ! MODIFI] IMMLY 2F ! LR TO : X APPLIES4 ,:5 A S+LE MODIFI] APPLIES TO BO? LRS1 USE BRL GR\P+ 9DICATORS4 ,EXAMPLES3 @-A^6E OR A^6@-E8 ,HW@-R .<,OLD ,5GLI%.> #D4C4E ,D N USE ! LIGATURE 9DICATOR = ! AE & OE DIPH?;GS UN.S ! LRS >E JO9$ Z LIGATURES 9 PR9T4 ,EXAMPLES3 AEGIS AMOEBA #D4C4E #EA LRS & MODIF4 A#DG #D4C4F ,USE ! LIGATURE 9DICATOR ONLY :5 ! LIGATURE HAS M1N+ & N :5 X IS M]ELY AN ASPECT ( ! PR9T FONT 2+ US$4 ,EXAMPLE3 ,9 "S FONTS ! LRS APPE> JO9$4 #D4D ,5G & S*WA .=^N 5G .=,^N CAPITAL 5G .=_5 S*WA .=,_5 CAPITAL S*WA #D4D4A ,FOLL[ PR9T = ! TRANSCRIP;N ( ^! PRONUNCIA;N SYMBOLS4 ,EXAMPLE3 M5+OCO3US " #D4D4A #EB LRS & MODIF4 #DH #D4D4B ,! 5G & S*WA >E AL SYMBOLS 9 ! ,9T]NA;NAL ,PHONETIC ,ALPHABET4 ,:5 ! SYMBOLS APPE> 9 PHONETIC MAT]IAL1 USE .1,,IPA .1,BRL TO TRANSCRIBE ! PHONETIC TEXT4 #D4E ,GREEK LRS .=.A ,GREEK ALPHA .=.B ,GREEK 2TA .=.G ,GREEK GAMMA .=.D ,GREEK DELTA .=.E ,GREEK EPSILON .=.Z ,GREEK ZETA .=.: ,GREEK ETA .=.? ,GREEK !TA .=.I ,GREEK IOTA .=.K ,GREEK KAPPA .=.L ,GREEK LAMBDA .=.M ,GREEK MU .=.N ,GREEK NU .=.X ,GREEK XI #D4E #EC LRS & MODIF4 A#DH .=.O ,GREEK OMICRON .=.P ,GREEK PI .=.R ,GREEK RHO .=.S ,GREEK SIGMA .=.T ,GREEK TAU .=.U ,GREEK UPSILON .=.F ,GREEK PHI .=.& ,GREEK *I .=.Y ,GREEK PSI .=.W ,GREEK OMEGA .=,.A CAPITAL ,GREEK ALPHA .=,.B CAPITAL ,GREEK 2TA .=,.G CAPITAL ,GREEK GAMMA .=,.D CAPITAL ,GREEK DELTA ---------------------------#DI .=,.E CAPITAL ,GREEK EPSILON .=,.Z CAPITAL ,GREEK ZETA .=,.: CAPITAL ,GREEK ETA .=,.? CAPITAL ,GREEK !TA .=,.I CAPITAL ,GREEK IOTA .=,.K CAPITAL ,GREEK KAPPA .=,.L CAPITAL ,GREEK LAMBDA #D4E #ED LRS & MODIF4 A#DI .=,.M CAPITAL ,GREEK MU .=,.N CAPITAL ,GREEK NU .=,.X CAPITAL ,GREEK XI .=,.O CAPITAL ,GREEK OMICRON .=,.P CAPITAL ,GREEK PI .=,.R CAPITAL ,GREEK RHO .=,.S CAPITAL ,GREEK SIGMA .=,.T CAPITAL ,GREEK TAU .=,.U CAPITAL ,GREEK UPSILON .=,.F CAPITAL ,GREEK PHI .=,.& CAPITAL ,GREEK *I .=,.Y CAPITAL ,GREEK PSI .=,.W CAPITAL ,GREEK OMEGA #D4E4A ,FOLL[ PR9T = ! TRANSCRIP;N ( ,GREEK LRS4 ,USE ! ,GREEK LRS LI/$ ABV 9 ,5GLI% 3TEXTS OR ,5GLI% TE*NICAL MAT]IALS4 ,EXAMPLES3 ,USE .P 9 ! EQUA;N4 ,= ,.S R1D SUM4 #D4E4A #EE LRS & MODIF4 B#DI .M.M /&S = MICROMICRON4 ,%E IS A MEMB] ( ,,.F.B.K4 ! ,.A & ! ,.W ,,,! .A & ! .W,' ---------------------------#EJ #D4E4B ,USE SIGNS F ! ,GREEK =EIGN LANGUAGE BRL CODE = PASSAGES ": A SIGNIFICANT K ( ,GREEK IS PRESUPPOS$ OR ": ! ,GREEK LANGUAGE IS 2+ TAU M1N+4 ,"S SYMBOLS MAY AL H A NUM]IC M1N+4 #E4A4A ,A GRADE #A 9DICATOR IS US$ TO SET GRADE #A MODE :5 ! GRADE #A M1N+ ( A SYMBOL CD 2 MISR1D Z A 3TRAC;N M1N+ OR A NUM]IC M1N+4 #E4A4B ,! EXT5T ( GRADE #A MODE IS DET]M9$ BY ! GRADE #E4A4B #EG GRADE #A MODE A#EA #A 9DICATOR 9 USE4 #E4B ,GRADE #A SYMBOL 9DICATOR .=; #E4B4A ,! GRADE #A SYMBOL 9DICATOR SETS GRADE #A MODE = ! NEXT SYMBOL4 .1,NOTE3 ,A GRADE #A SYMBOL 9DICATOR IS N REQUIR$ 2F ! LRS A1 I & O1 2C !Y D N H A 3TRAC;N M1N+ :5 !Y /& AL"O4 ,EXAMPLES3 ! V[ELS >E3 A1 ;E1 I1 O & ;U ,MRS ;,X & ,MR ,O ;,J4 ;,S4 ,BA* #BB;B #BB,B #BBP ADAGIO ;E CANTABILE ,ADD EI ;8 OR 6 TO EA* S5T;E4 .<"Q M>K & EXCLAMA;N M>K.> #E4B4A #EH GRADE #A MODE #EB ,9 ,SMI?;9#EF WE F9D 444 JIM@ATAKE#B4;COM #E4C ,GRADE #A ^W 9DICATOR .=;; #E4C4A ,! GRADE #A ^W 9DICATOR SETS GRADE #A MODE = ! NEXT SYMBOLS-SEQU;E OR ! REMA9D] ( ! CURR5T SYMBOLS-SEQU;E4 #E4C4B ,! E6ECT ( A GRADE #A ^W 9DICATOR IS T]M9AT$ BY A SPACE OR A GRADE #A T]M9ATOR4 .1,REF] .1TO3 #E4E1 = ! ,GRADE #A ,T]M9ATOR4 ,EXAMPLES3 ,I SPELL X ;;U-N-T-I-D-Y4 REPLACE ,I ) ;;(,E./,R) #E4D ,GRADE #A PASSAGE 9DICATOR .=;;; #E4D4A ,! GRADE #A PASSAGE #E4D4A #EI GRADE #A MODE A#EB 9DICATOR SETS GRADE #A MODE = ! NEXT PASSAGE4 #E4D4B ,A GRADE #A PASSAGE IS T]M9AT$ BY ! GRADE #A T]M9ATOR4 ,EXAMPLES3 ,HE SPELT ;;;,H-O ,C-H-I ,M-I-N-H;' ,C;Y4 ,FACTORISE3 ;;;Y "7 X9#B"-#D2 Y "7 X9#B"-#BX2 Y "7 X"-X9#B4;' #E4D4C ,TO PRES]VE ! NATURAL L9E-BY-L9E >RANGE;T ( ! TEXT1 E4G4 9 A COMPUT] PROGRAM OR A SET ( EQUA;NS 9 MA!MATICS1 PLACE ! GRADE #A PASSAGE 9DICATOR ON A SEP>ATE L9E ABV ! GRADE #A TEXT #E4D4C #FJ GRADE #A MODE #EC & ! GRADE #A T]M9ATOR ON A SEP>ATE L9E 2L ! TEXT4 ,:5 ? ME?OD IS US$1 PREC$E EA* 9DICATOR BY ! DOT LOCATOR = 8USE0 .=""=4 .1,REF] .1TO3 ,SEC;N #C4AD1 ,G5]AL ,SYMBOLS & ,9DICATORS1 = ! DOT LOCATOR = 8USE04 #E4E ,GRADE #A T]M9ATOR .=;' #E4E4A ,! GRADE #A T]M9ATOR USUALLY FOLL[S IMMLY AF ! LA/ A6ECT$ SYMBOLS-SEQU;E ( A GRADE #A PASSAGE4 #E4E4B ,USE ! GRADE #A T]M9ATOR :5 X IS NEC TO T]M9ATE GRADE #A MODE 2F ! 5D ( A SYMBOLS-SEQU;E4 ,EXAMPLE3 ;;P-P-P-P-P-P-P-;'P]I%+ #E4E4B #FA GRADE #A MODE A#EC #E4F ,NUM]IC 9DICATOR .=# #E4F4A ,GRADE #A MODE IS AL SET BY ! NUM]IC 9DICATOR4 ,EXAMPLES3 #AST %OPP+#DYOU #DSTARHOTEL@AWEBNET4COM #E4F4B ,:5 GRADE #A MODE IS SET BY ! NUM]IC 9DICATOR X IS T]M9AT$ BY A SPACE1 HYPH51 DA% OR GRADE #A T]M9ATOR4 .1,REF] .1TO3 ,SEC;N #F4E1 ,NUM]IC ,MODE4 ,EXAMPLES3 ,I'LL G #CRD,-Y G #DTH4 #C-;,D ---------------------------#ED #C-DIM5.NAL #E4F4B #FB GRADE #A MODE A#ED #E-;,,CD SET C3_*P]SONAL_*#BJJI;'F9.ES #E4G ,GRADE #A MODE AVOIDS 3FU.N ) 3TRAC;NS #E4G4A ,GRADE #A MODE IS REQUIR$ TO PREV5T A LR F 2+ MISR1D Z AN ALPHABETIC ^WSIGN4 .1,REF] .1TO3 ,SEC;N #AJ4A1 ,3TRAC;NS4 ,EXAMPLES3 ;B,-;E ;B-#A ;,B-T1M EV-]-;Y-:-WAY 5D+ 9 ,-;S OR ,-ES ;,V,-,,VII VIII-;X ,:AT H Y ;D,- ,:AT H Y ;D444 ;P4 #G P4#G P#G ! LRS 8A0 TO 8;G0 #E4G4A #FC GRADE #A MODE B#ED ,SEC;NS "<;H"> & "4 ,DID ';E ';N' ,MA GET TO ';T8 C_/O MA^%ITRE ;D' ! P'S "R ;P'S & ;Q'S4 LR .2;D ---------------------------#EE .78;,X M>KS ! SPOT40.' ,DR ;,J4 ;,F4 ,SMI?1 ,M4,D4 ;;S-P-E-L-L-I-N-G #E4G4B ,GRADE #A MODE IS REQUIR$ TO PREV5T A LRS- SEQU;E F 2+ MISR1D Z A %ORT=M OR Z 3TA9+ A %ORT=M4 .1,REF] .1TO3 ,SEC;N #AJ4I1 ,3TRAC;NS4 ,EXAMPLES3 ;,,CD-,,ROM 8;,HM60 HE MUS$4 ,CD Y BUY A ,,CD_/,,DVD8 #E4G4B #FD GRADE #A MODE A#EE ,MY FRS >E ;,FR ,T$ & ,SR ,ANN4 ! ;,IMM FAMILY ;AL D5TE ,USE ! ;,,ALT KEY4 ;,,NEC "<,NA;NAL ,EXECUTIVE ,COMMITTEE"> ;;OZBRL "<,AU/RALIAN LI/S]VE"> #E4H ,GRADE #A 9DICATORS & CAPITALISA;N #E4H4A ,A GRADE #A 9DICATOR PREC$ES A CAPITALISA;N 9DICATOR4 ,EXAMPLE3 ;,,,T-%IRTS = SALE,' ---------------------------#EF #E4I ,*OICE ( 9DICATORS .1,NOTE3 ,AN EXT5D$ GRADE #A MODE1 I4E4 GRADE #A ^W OR #E4I #FE GRADE #A MODE A#EF GRADE #A PASSAGE MODE1 MAY 2 US$ = NON-LIT]>Y EXPRES.NS4 ,? IS ESPECIALLY USE;L 9 MA!MATICS & COMPUT] PROGRAMM+ TEXTS4 ,H["E1 KEEP+ 9 M9D ! G5]AL PR9CIPLE T ! RESULT+ BRL %D 2 Z EASY TO R1D Z POSSIBLE1 X IS (T5 APPROPRIATE TO USE 3TRACT$ BRL ) A GRADE #A 9DICATOR = J ^? SYMBOLS T C 2 MISR1D Z 3TRAC;NS4 ,X IS RECOMM5D$ T 3TRACT$ BRL IS US$ = EMAIL ADDRESSES1 FILE"NS & WEB ADDRESSES4 #E4I4A ,Z ^WS >E MO/ EASILY RECOGNIS$ :5 PRES5T$ 9 _! FAMILI> 3TRACT$ =M1 M9IMISE ! NUMB] ( SWIT*ES 2T GRADES1 ! NUMB] ( 9DICATORS REQUIR$ & ! NUMB] ( CELLS US$4 #E4I4A #FF GRADE #A MODE B#EF ,EXAMPLES3 ;;UN-E-MO-TION-AL . UN-;E-MO-TION-;AL ;;C-H-E-E-S-E ;;BR-R-R-R ;D-DON'T ;;D-D-D-DON'T AB-;;F-F-F-FACE ;D-;D-;D-DIC;N>Y . ;;D-D-D-;'DIC;N>Y ;P-;P-PL1SE . ;;P-P-PLEASE ;;S-S-S-S-;'SUP]-ST-/I;N #E4I4B ,R$UCE ! 9DICATORS )9 EQUA;NS4 ,:5 R1D+ MA!MATICAL EXPRES.NS1 PASSAGE 9DICATORS >E LESS 9TRUSIVE ?AN 9T]IOR 9DICATORS4 .7,REF] TO3 ,GUIDEL9ES = #E4I4B #FG GRADE #A MODE C#EF ,TE*NICAL ,MAT]IAL1.' ,"P #A4G4 ---------------------------#EG ,EXAMPLE3 ;;;X9(A./B)Y "7 X;' . ;;X9(A./B)Y "7 ;X . X;9;(A./B;)Y "7 ;X #E4AJ ,OP;NAL USE ( ! GRADE #A 9DICATOR #E4AJ4A ,:5 AN EXPRES.N 9 GRADE #A MODE WD 2 EQUIVAL5T TO ! SAME TEXT 9 GRADE #B MODE 2C NO 3TRAC;NS WD O3UR1 A GRADE #A 9DICATOR MAY 2 US$ AL? X IS N REQUIR$4 ,EXAMPLE3 ,! 5G9E /UTT]$ ;;RM-M-M-M-M !N ;;RM-MM-MM-MM !N SETTL$ 9TO ;;R-MMMMMMM4 #E4AJ4A #FH GRADE #A MODE A#EG #E4AA ,USE ( GRADE #A 9DICATORS 9 GRADE #A TEXT #E4AA4A ,9 A "W 5TIRELY 9 GRADE #A BRL "1 GRADE #A 9DICATORS >E N US$ EXCEPT Z REQUIR$ = O!R R1SONS1 E4G4 = ! L[]CASE LRS A-;J IMMLY FOLL[+ DIGITS1 & A "Q M>K 9 AN UNUSUAL POSI;N4 ,EXAMPLES3 ,C IS FOR CANDY4 ,QUESTION #C;C #E4AA4A #FI GRADE #A MODE B#EG #E4AA4A #GJ #EH-#EI ,SEC;N #F3 ,NUM]IC ,MODE .=#A DIGIT "O .=#B DIGIT TWO .=#C DIGIT ?REE .=#D DIGIT F\R .=#E DIGIT FIVE .=#F DIGIT SIX .=#G DIGIT SEV5 .=#H DIGIT EI .=#4 FULL /OP " .=A TO .=J DIGIT "<9 NUM]IC MODE ONLY"> .="A TO .="J NUM]IC SPACE PLUS DIGIT "<9 NUM]IC MODE ONLY"> .=# SPAC$ NUM]IC 9DICATOR "<2F SPACE"> .=## NUM]IC PASSAGE 9DICATOR #F #GA NUM]IC MODE A#EI "<2F SPACE"> .=#' NUM]IC PASSAGE T]M9ATOR .=" L9E 3T9UA;N 9DICATOR " .="" L9E 3T9UA;N 9DICATOR ) SPACE " .=/ SIMPLE NUM]IC FRAC;N L9E "<9 NUM]IC MODE ONLY"> #F4A ,NUM]IC 9DICATORS .=#A .=#B .=#C .=#D .=#E .=#F .=#G .=#H .=#I .=#J .=#1 .=#4 .1,NOTE3 ,^! TWELVE SYMBOLS >E ! T5 DIGITS & ! TWO SYMBOLS : >E US$ Z DECIMAL SIGNS4 ,!Y >E AL NUM]IC 9DICATORS4 #F4A4A ,NUM]IC 9DICATORS SET NUM]IC MODE = ! REMA9D] ( ! SYMBOLS-SEQU;E4 #F4A4A #GB NUM]IC MODE #FJ #F4B ,NUM]IC MODE SYMBOLS #F4B4A ,! FOLL[+ SYMBOLS MAY O3UR 9 NUM]IC MODE3 _4 ! T5 DIGITS2 _4 FULL /OP "2 _4 COMMA2 _4 ! T5 NUM]IC SPACE-DIGIT SYMBOLS2 _4 SIMPLE NUM]IC FRAC;N L9E2 & _4 ! TWO L9E 3T9UA;N 9DICATORS4 .1,REF] .1TO3 ,SEC;N #AA4C1 ,TE*NICAL ,MAT]IAL1 = ! DEF9I;N ( A SIMPLE FRAC;N & ! USE ( G5]AL FRAC;N 9DICATORS4 ,EXAMPLES3 #FB #AIEI #C1EJJ #H4IC #4G #J4G #F4B4A #GC NUM]IC MODE A#FJ #H1IC #1G #J1G P>4 #D4B4B #D"EJJ"JJJ . ,! TEMP]ATURE ( ! UNIV]SE 0 #AJJ1JJJ1JJJ1JJJ1JJJ1JJJ1" JJJ1JJJ1JJJ1JJJ1JJJ^J,C4 . ,! TEMP]ATURE ( ! UNIV]SE 0 #AJJ"JJJ"JJJ"JJJ"JJJ"JJJ"" JJJ"JJJ"JJJ"JJJ"JJJ^J,C4 #C/H #E#C/H ---------------------------#FA #F4C ,T]M9A;N ( NUM]IC MODE #F4C4A ,A SPACE OR ANY SYMBOL N LI/$ 9 #F4B4A T]M9ATES NUM]IC MODE4 ,EXAMPLES3 #G3#CJ A4M4 #AJ3#AB3#BJJI #F4C4A #GD NUM]IC MODE A#FA #I-#AJ #AIAD,-#AH #B4E-#E #H-CAB FLEET ,! SCORE 0 #D,-#C #G"-#E "7 #B #B-#A/B #A/D-#A/B TSP #F#A/D,-#F#A/B #A_/#D CUP MODEL #JI_/#EB ON CALL #BD_/#G #G"<#B"> #G" #D,-#G #D44G #D_1#EF_'#G #F4D ,PLACE;T ( NUM]IC PREFIX ) FULL /OP " #F4D4A ,:5 A FULL /OP " IS FOLL[$ BY A #F4D4A #GE NUM]IC MODE B#FA NUMB]1 X PREC$ES ! NUM]IC PREFIX .=# UN.S X IS CLE> T X IS A DECIMAL PO9T4 ---------------------------#FB ,EXAMPLES3 ,PIANO ,SONATA ,NO4#AF 9 ;,C MAJOR IS ,K4#EDE4 #C/H "7 #4CGE #F4E ,NUM]IC 9DICATORS SET GRADE #A MODE #F4E4A ,A NUM]IC 9DICATOR AL SETS GRADE #A MODE4 ,GRADE #A MODE1 :5 SET BY A NUM]IC 9DICATOR1 IS T]M9AT$ BY A SPACE1 HYPH51 DA% OR GRADE #A T]M9ATOR4 #F4E4B ,:ILE GRADE #A MODE IS 9 E6ECT1 A GRADE #A 9DICATOR IS N REQUIR$ UN.S A L[]CASE LR A,-;J FOLL[S A DIGIT1 FULL /OP_/P]IOD OR COMMA4 #F4E4B #GF NUM]IC MODE A#FB ,EXAMPLES3 #CB #C;B #C,B #CM #D4B #D4;B #D4,B #D4M REPORT#C4;DOC REPORT#C4XLS 444 9 ! ,SECOND ,_W ,W>;9#B #AICI,-#AIDE49#C #F4E4C ,:ILE GRADE #A MODE IS 9 E6ECT1 3TRAC;NS MAY N FOLL[ A NUMB]4 ,EXAMPLES3 H\SES#DLEASE ,HE CAME #DTH 9 ! RACE4 ---------------------------#FC #F4E4D ,GRADE #A MODE IS T]M9AT$ BY A HYPH5 OR DA%1 ?US ALL[+ 3TRAC;NS TO 2 US$ #F4E4D #GG NUM]IC MODE A#FC AG4 ,"!=E1 A LR OR LRS T CD R1D Z A 3TRAC;N W NE$ ! GRADE #A 9DICATOR4 ,EXAMPLES3 ,IF Y G #AST,-W ,I G #BND8 ,I H A #F-;,,CD BOX$ SET4 ,"! >E #C B$S 9 ? #D-B$ W>D4 9 #AIGJ,-AB ,M>* #C-DIM5.NAL #C-;,D ,! #F-C PACK,-"U S1T #F-;C4 ONLY #D,-M PL1SE #D-;M #BJ-;YR P]IOD #BJYR P]IOD #F4F ,! NUM]IC SPACE .="A .="B .="C .="D .="E .="F .="G .="H .="I .="J .1,NOTE3 ,! T5 SYMBOLS .="A TO .="J H ! M1N+ 8SPACE & FOLL[+ DIGIT0 )9 A NUMB]4 #F4F #GH NUM]IC MODE B#FC ,SPACES %D 2 REPRES5T$ 9 ? WAY :5 !Y >E CLE>LY NUM]IC SPACES4 ,= EXAMPLE A S+LE TELEPH"O NUMB] WD 2 3SID]$ Z "O NUMB]1 EV5 ?\< X 9CLUDES C.TRY1 C;Y1 & EX*ANGE CODES Z "PS4 ,IF X IS N CLE> T A SPACE IS A SEP>ATOR 9 A S+LE NUMB] X %D 2 TR1T$ Z AN ORD9>Y SPACE4 ---------------------------#FD #F4F4A ,:5 SPACES >E US$ Z SEP>ATORS )9 A S+LE NUMB] USE ! T5 SYMBOLS .="A TO .="J TO REPRES5T ! SPACE & XS FOLL[+ DIGIT4 ,EXAMPLES3 POPULA;N3 #C"BDE"JJJ ,,ISBN3 #IGH"A"EEDFH"EAC"D PH"O3 "<#FA"> #C"ABCD"EFGH DATE3 #AIDG"JH"CA "T3 #AF"JJ #F4F4A #GI NUM]IC MODE A#FD #F4G ,TR1T;T ( DATES1 "T1 CO9AGE1 ETC4 #F4G4A ,:5 TRANSCRIB+ DATES1 "T1 CO9AGE1 ORD9AL NUMB]S1 PO/AL CODES OR TELEPH"O NUMB]S3 FOLL[ PR9T PUNCTUA;N & ORD] ( SYMBOLS4 .7,REF] TO3 ,GUIDEL9ES = ,TE*NICAL ,MAT]IAL1.' ,"P #B1 = M EXAMPLES4 ,EXAMPLES3 #G_/#AA_/#EI #G4AA4EI #AIFJ'S '#GJS & '#HJS #AJ3#CJ A4M4 #AJ4CJ AM @S#H4GE @L#H4GE ,R#H1GE @S#A1EJJ4JJ #F4G4A #HJ NUM]IC MODE #FE @E#A4EJJ1JJ #BND #B;D #A;ER . ,M#D,G #C,E#H ,W#A,N #I,,LF ,N#AB #G,,BT "<#DAF"> #DHF-#BEJJ ,= A TAXI CALL #AC-CABS4 TELEPH"O #ACJJ-VI.N #A-#HJJ-,,SLEEP#HH ,,ISBN #J-#AD-#CJJDAD-;,X #F4H ,SPAC$ NUM]IC 9DICATOR .=# #F4H4A ,! SPAC$ NUM]IC 9DICATOR ALL[S "O OR M SPACES TO 9T]V5E 2T ! NUM]IC PREFIX & ! ROOT T WD NORMALLY FOLL[ IMMLY TO =M A DIGIT OR A DECIMAL PO9T OR COMMA4 #F4H4A #HA NUM]IC MODE A#FE ,EXAMPLE3 @S# D4EJ #AJ4JJ # 4EJ "3333333 @S#AE4JJ ---------------------------#FF #F4I ,NUM]IC PASSAGE 9DICATOR .=## & NUM]IC T]M9ATOR .=#' #F4I4A ,! NUM]IC PASSAGE 9DICATOR SETS NUM]IC MODE & GRADE #A MODE = ALL TEXT UNTIL ! T]M9ATOR IS R1*$4 #F4I4B ,! NUM]IC T]M9ATOR FOLL[S IMMLY AF ! LA/ A6ECT$ SYMBOLS-SEQU;E1 EXCEPT Z 9 #F4I4D 2L4 #F4I4C ,NUM]IC 9DICATORS >E N US$ 9 A NUM]IC PASSAGE & ANY #F4I4C #HB NUM]IC MODE A#FF L[]CASE LR A-;J IS PREC$$ BY A GRADE #A 9DICATOR4 #F4I4D ,TO PRES]VE ! G5]AL =MAT ( ! 5CLOS$ TEXT ! NUM]IC PASSAGE 9DICATOR MAY 2 PLAC$ BY XF ON A L9E ABV & ! T]M9ATOR ON A L9E 2L ! TEXT4 .1,NOTE3 ,A NUM]IC PASSAGE MAY 2 USE;L 9 CASES S* Z A L;G "W$ EXAMPLE 9 MA!MATICS1 A S]IES ( >I?METIC EX]CISES1 OR A TABLE ) MO/LY NUM]IC 3T5T4 .7,REF] TO3 ,GUIDEL9ES = ,TE*NICAL ,MAT]IAL1.' ,"P #D1 = SPATIAL >I?METIC EXAMPLES ILLU/RAT+ ! USE ( BO? ! SPAC$ NUM]IC 9DICATOR & ! NUM]IC PASSAGE 9DICATOR4 #F4I4D #HC NUM]IC MODE B#FF #F4AJ ,DIVI.N ( A NUMB] 2T L9ES #F4AJ4A ,AVOID DIVI.N ( A NUMB] 2T L9ES UN.S 3SID]ABLE SPACE IS SAV$4 ,IF DIVI.N IS NEC USE ! APPROPRIATE L9E 3T9UA;N 9DICATOR & OBS]VE ! FOLL[+ RULES4 #F4AJ4B ,:5 X IS NEC TO BR1K A L;G NUMB] ACR L9ES1 PLACE ! BR1K 9 A LOGICAL PLACE,-AT A NUM]IC SPACE1 OR AF A COMMA : IS 2+ US$ Z A SEP>ATOR,-N 2T TWO DIGITS4 #F4AJ4C ,:5 ! DIVI.N O3URS AF A SEP>AT+ COMMA1 OR 2T TWO DIGITS 9 A NUMB] : COMPRISES A L>GE /R+ ( DIGITS ) NO SEP>ATORS1 USE ! "O-CELL L9E 3T9UA;N 9DICATOR .=" AT ! 5D ( ! L9E4 #F4AJ4D ,:5 ! DIVI.N TAKES #F4AJ4D #HD NUM]IC MODE C#FF PLACE AT A NUM]IC SPACE1 USE ! TWO-CELL L9E 3T9UA;N 9DICATOR .="" AT ! 5D ( ! L9E4 #F4AJ4E ,S9CE ! L9E 3T9UA;N 9DICATORS D N T]M9ATE NUM]IC MODE A NUM]IC 9DICATOR IS N REQUIR$ 9 ! NEXT L9E4 ---------------------------#FG ,EXAMPLES3 ,! TEMP]ATURE ( ! UNIV]SE 0 #AJJ1JJJ1JJJ1JJJ1JJJ1JJJ1" JJJ1JJJ1JJJ1JJJ1JJJ^J,C4 . ,! TEMP]ATURE ( ! UNIV]SE 0 #AJJ"JJJ"JJJ"JJJ"JJJ"JJJ"" JJJ"JJJ"JJJ"JJJ"JJJ^J,C4 #F4AJ4E #HE NUM]IC MODE A#FG #F4AJ4E #HF #FH-#FI ,SEC;N #G3 ,PUNCTUA;N .=1 COMMA .=2 SEMICOLON .=3 COLON .=4 FULL /OP " .=444 ELLIPSIS .=6 EXCLAMA;N M>K .=8 "Q M>K . .=8 OP5+ "O-CELL " QUOTA;N M>K .=0 CLOS+ "O-CELL " QUOTA;N M>K .=^8 OP5+ D\BLE QUOTA;N M>K .=^0 CLOS+ D\BLE QUOTA;N M>K .=,8 OP5+ S+LE QUOTA;N M>K .=,0 CLOS+ S+LE QUOTA;N M>K .=_8 OP5+ ,ITALIAN QUOTA;N M>K " .=_0 CLOS+ ,ITALIAN QUOTA;N #G #HG PUNCTUA;N A#FI M>K " .=,7 NONDIREC;NAL D\BLE QUOTA;N M>K .=' APO/ROPHE1 NONDIREC;NAL S+LE QUOTA;N M>K .="< OP5+ P>5!SIS " .="> CLOS+ P>5!SIS " .=.< OP5+ SQU>E BRACKET .=.> CLOS+ SQU>E BRACKET .=@< OP5+ ANGLE BRACKET .=@> CLOS+ ANGLE BRACKET .=_< OP5+ CURLY BRACKET " .=_> CLOS+ CURLY BRACKET " .=_/ SOLIDUS "<=W>D SLA%"> .=_* REV]SE SOLIDUS " #G #HH PUNCTUA;N B#FI .=- HYPH5 ---------------------------#GJ .=,- DA% "<:5 4T+UI%$ F HYPH5" 9 PR9T"> .=",- L;G DA% .=.- L[ L9E "<"USCORE"> .=,"< MULTI-L9E OP5+ P>5!SIS " .=,"> MULTI-L9E CLOS+ P>5!SIS " .=,.< MULTI-L9E OP5+ SQU>E BRACKET .=,.> MULTI-L9E CLOS+ SQU>E BRACKET .=,_< MULTI-L9E OP5+ CURLY BRACKET .=,_> MULTI-L9E CLOS+ CURLY BRACKET #G4A ,G5]AL #G4A4A ,FOLL[ PR9T = ! USE ( PUNCTUA;N EXCEPT = ! #G4A4A #HI PUNCTUA;N A#GJ SPECIFIC PROVI.NS 9 ! ,PUNCTUA;N RULES : FOLL[4 ,EXAMPLES3 ,U4,S4,A4 ,W44C4/] ,:AT 4448 ,:Y8 #B4E.0 #B1E.0 ,YES1 PL1SE4 ,NO1 N"E6 ,%OPP+ LI/3 R$1 GRE5 & YELL[ PEPP]S2 ONIONS2 SWEET POTATOES "4 #D3#CJ ,,/OP66 DON'T ,J"OS' ,X'S D"O4 ! '#IJS ROCK ';N' ROLL 8',TIS LATE40 ---------------------------#GA "<,SEE ABV4"> N\N" 9 ;B"> & ;F"> ,BAL.E3 "<@S#EB4FH"> ,PLA9TIFF /AT$1 8.Y #G4A4A #IJ PUNCTUA;N A#GA CAUSES IS .<.1SIC.> J40 ,JAN ,SWAN @ PRIM>Y COL\RS _ HE_/%E B_/FA/ #I_/#AA ,JAN_/,FEB ,8 ,GAZA ,/RIP _/ ,WE/ ,BANK T\R C3_*DESKTOP SELF-3TROL TI$ #A-#A =TY-"O OR -TWO #CBJ-FOOT W+SPAN FIVE- OR SIX-PO9T$ /> ADD -;S ADD ,-;S ,MR ;,J---- ,MR ;,J,- 8,ASK ,MS4 ,-1 %E W "K40 #G4A4B ,ONLY "O BLANK CELL FOLL[S PUNCTUA;N 9 BRL EV5 :5 PR9T USES M SPACE1 E4G4 AT ! 5D ( A S5T;E4 #G4A4B #IA PUNCTUA;N #GB #G4A4C ,PLACE A GRADE #A SYMBOL 9DICATOR 2F A PUNCTUA;N M>K : APPE>S 9 A POSI;N ": X WD 2 R1D Z A 3TRAC;N4 .1,REF] .1TO3 #G4F4D = AN OP5+ NONSPECIFIC QUOTA;N M>K4 ,EXAMPLES3 ,REPLACE 4 ) ;8 ": APPROPRIATE4 . ) "Q M>K.> LANG;3UK A;3O ;4DOC ,AI;66AMS .<,KHOI-,SAN "N = ,W9DHOEK 9 ,NAMIBIA ,- 860 REPRES5TS A LR.> #G4A4D ,A /R+ ( L[] PUNCTUA;N M>KS MAY 2 SURR.D$ BY SPACE4 #G4A4D #IB PUNCTUA;N A#GB ,EXAMPLES3 ,-0 44480 8444 830 #G4B ,DA%1 L[ L9E "<"USCORE">1 L;G DA% & HYPH5 .=,- .=.- .=",- .=- #G4B4A ,FOLL[ PR9T SPAC+ ( ! DA%4 ,H["E1 :5 ! SPAC+ 9 PR9T IS 9DET]M9ATE OR 9CONSI/5T1 SPACE ! DA% F ADJAC5T ^WS1 UN.S X IS CLE> T ! DA% 9DICATES OMIS.N ( "P ( A ^W4 ,EXAMPLES3 ,HE SEES X ,- FEELS X4 ..D ! DA%.> ,HE W G :5 ,- ,HE W G :5,- ,HE W G WH,- #G4B4A #IC PUNCTUA;N B#GB ,WE WANT ,- WE NE$ ,- M BR,- .4 ---------------------------#GC #G4B4B ,:5 AN UNSPAC$ DA% 9DICATES AN OMIS.N1 D N SEP>ATE X F ! REMA9D] ( ! SYMBOLS-SEQU;E4 ,9 ALL O!R CASES1 A DA% MAY 2 SEP>AT$ F :AT PREC$ES OR FOLL[S X AT ! 2G9N+ OR 5D ( A BRL L9E4 #G4B4C ,REG>D.S ( ! L5G? ( ! "* 9 PR9T1 USE "O L[ L9E "<"USCORE"> .=.- 9 BRL = EA* PR9T DA% 2L ! L9E ( TYPE : 9DICATES A BLANK TO 2 FILL$ IN4 .1,REF] .1TO3 ,SEC;N #I1 ,TYPE=MS1 = 9=MA;N AB "UL9+4 ,EXAMPLES3 ,>E Y 9 FAVOR8 .- YES1 #G4B4C #ID PUNCTUA;N A#GC .- NO4 ,WE SAW .- & .- GRAZ+ 9 ! FIELD4 ,ADD ! MISS+ LRS3 S.-N & D.-.-S .- .- #G4B4D ,USE A L;G DA% .=",- 9 BRL ONLY :5 PR9T USES BO? A %ORT & L;G DA%4 ,EXAMPLE3 ,MR ;,D",- VISITS ;,P",- REGUL>LY ,- Y "K T4 ,HYPH5" US$ Z DA% #G4B4E ,REPRES5T A SPAC$ HYPH5 9 PR9T ) A SPAC$ HYPH5 9 BRL4 ,EXAMPLE3 ,I'LL 2 R1DY BY #C3#JJ - WELL - MAYBE #C3#AJ4 #G4B4E #IE PUNCTUA;N #GD #G4B4F ,:5 PR9T USES TWO ADJAC5T HYPH5S Z A SUB/ITUTE = A DA% "1 X IS P]MISSIBLE TO USE A DA% 9 BRL4 ,USE TWO HYPH5S :5 X IS CLE> T TWO HYPH5S >E 9T5D$1 E4G4 TO REPRES5T TWO MISS+ LRS 9 A ^W4 ,:5 9 D\BT1 USE TWO HYPH5S4 ,EXAMPLES3 AN EXPRES.N,-S* Z ?,-SET A"P .<,TWO HYPH5S >E US$ 9 PR9T4.> REC--VE ;,B-- . #G4C ,ELLIPSIS .=444 #G4C4A ,FOLL[ PR9T = ! NUMB] ( DOTS US$ 9 ! ELLIPSIS4 ,:5 SPAC+ 9 PR9T IS 9DET]M9ATE #G4C4A #IF PUNCTUA;N A#GD OR 9CONSI/5T1 SPACE ! ELLIPSIS F ADJAC5T ^WS1 UN.S X IS CLE> T X 9DICATES ! OMIS.N ( "P ( A ^W4 ,EXAMPLES3 ,I 444 ,I DON'T ?9K 44440 ,I DON'T TH44440 #G4D ,SOLIDUS "<=W>D SLA%"> .=_/ #G4D4A ,:5 DIVI.N AT A L9EBR1K IS NEC FOLL[+ ! SOLIDUS "<=W>D SLA%">1 D N 9S]T A HYPH54 ,EXAMPLE3 ,"! 7 S"EAL S*OOL*ILDR5_/ T1*]S_/P>5TS PRES5T4 ---------------------------#GE #G4E ,"Q M>K .=8 #G4E4A ,9 ! MAJOR;Y ( CASES1 A #G4E4A #IG PUNCTUA;N A#GE "Q M>K DOES N REQUIRE A GRADE #A SYMBOL 9DICATOR2 H["E1 2 M9D;L ( ! SITUA;NS COV]$ 9 ,RULES #G4E4B TO #G4E4D 2L4 ,EXAMPLES3 ,:AT888 8,:AT860 44480 P]SONS8_/PEOPLE8 #G4E4B ,PLACE A GRADE #A SYMBOL 9DICATOR 2F A "Q M>K : APPE>S 9 A POSI;N ": X WD 2 R1D Z ! ^WSIGN 8HIS0 OR ": X WD 2 R1D Z AN OP5+ "O-CELL " QUOTA;N M>K4 #G4E4C ,PLACE A GRADE #A SYMBOL 9DICATOR 2F A "Q M>K : IS 8/&+ AL"O04 ,EXAMPLE3 .<;8.> #G4E4C #IH PUNCTUA;N B#GE #G4E4D ,PLACE A GRADE #A SYMBOL 9DICATOR 2F A "Q M>K : FOLL[S A SPACE1 HYPH5 OR DA%4 ,ANY ( ! PUNCTUA;N & 9DICATOR SYMBOLS LI/$ 9 #B4F4B ( ,SEC;N #B1 ,T]M9OLOGY & ,G5]AL ,RULES1 MAY 9T]V5E 2T ! SPACE1 HYPH5 OR DA% & ! "Q M>K4 ,EXAMPLES3 ;8-#AGEJ "<;8,-#AGEJ"> ,REPLACE EA* ;8 ) A LR3 ;8E88U ---------------------------#GF #G4F ,QUOTA;N M>KS .=8 .=0 .=^8 .=^0 .=,8 .=,0 .=_8 .=_0 .=,7 .=' #G4F4A ,USE "O-CELL " QUOTA;N #G4F4A #II PUNCTUA;N A#GF M>KS .=8 & .=0 = ! PR$OM9ANT QUOTA;N M>KS 9 ! TEXT 9 ALL 9/.ES ": ! SPECIFIC =M ( ! QUOTA;N M>KS "<8D\BLE01 8S+LE01 8,ITALIAN0 OR 8NONDIREC;NAL0"> HAS NO SIGNIFIC.E1 T IS1 9 ! GRT MAJOR;Y ( CASES4 ,9DICATE ! PR9T =M ( ! NONSPECIFIC QUOTA;N M>KS ON ! SYMBOLS PAGE OR 9 A TRANSCRIB]'S NOTE4 ,EXAMPLES3 .<,! EXAMPLES 2L >E TAK5 F DI6]5T TEXTS1 : H DI6]+ PR$OM9ANT QUOTA;N M>KS 9 PR9T4.> 8,:Y IS T80 HE ASK$4 .<,TWO PR9T V].NS ,- ,! F/ HAS D\BLE QUOTA;N M>KS1 ! SECOND HAS S+LE QUOTA;N #G4F4A #AJJ PUNCTUA;N B#GF M>KS4.> ! PLAY 8,HAMLET0 .<,TWO PR9T V].NS ,- ! F/ HAS S+LE NONDIREC;NAL QUOTA;N M>KS1 ! SECOND HAS D\BLE NONDIREC;NAL QUOTA;N M>KS4.> ,! LRS 8;B0 & 8;C0 .<,D\BLE NONDIREC;NAL QUOTA;N M>KS 9 PR9T4.> ! ^W 8NICE0 .<,S+LE NONDIREC;NAL QUOTA;N M>KS 9 PR9T4.> 8YES0ES & 8NO0S .<,D\BLE QUOTA;N M>KS 9 PR9T4.> "M-89-LAW0 .<,S+LE QUOTA;N M>KS 9 PR9T4.> 8444 9 A3ORD.E ) 4440 .<,ITALIAN QUOTA;N M>KS 9 PR9T4.> #G4F4A #AJA PUNCTUA;N C#GF #G4F4B ,= SECOND>Y OR 9N] QUOTA;N M>KS "KS 9 ! TEXT">1 USE ! SPECIFIC TWO-CELL SYMBOLS4 ---------------------------#GG ,EXAMPLES3 ,%E SD1 8,S+ ,8,HAPPY ,BIR?"D,040 .<": D\BLE QUOTA;N M>KS >E US$ PR$OM9ANTLY 9 PR9T.> ,%E SD1 8,S+ ^8,HAPPY ,BIR?"D^040 .<": S+LE QUOTA;N M>KS >E US$ PR$OM9ANTLY 9 PR9T.> #G4F4C ,A PAIR ( OP5+ & CLOS+ QUOTA;N M>KS %D MAT*4 ,= EXAMPLE1 :5 A SPECIFIC OP5+ QUOTA;N M>K IS REQUIR$1 !N ! SPECIFIC #G4F4C #AJB PUNCTUA;N A#GG CLOS+ SYMBOL IS AL US$4 #G4F4D ,:5 AN OP5+ NONSPECIFIC QUOTA;N M>K WD 2 R1D Z ! ^WSIGN 8HIS01 USE ! APPROPRIATE SPECIFIC QUOTA;N M>K 9/1D4 ,EXAMPLE3 "<^8 444 T IS ! "Q4^0"> #G4F4E ,USE "O-CELL " QUOTA;N M>KS :5 APO/ROPHES >E US$ Z ! PR$OM9ANT QUOTA;N M>KS 9 PR9T4 ,USE SPECIFIC S+LE QUOTA;N M>KS :5 APO/ROPHES >E US$ Z ! SECOND>Y OR 9N] QUOTA;N M>KS 9 PR9T4 ,H["E1 :5 9 D\BT Z TO :E!R A M>K IS AN APO/ROPHE OR A S+LE QUOTA;N M>K1 TR1T X Z AN APO/ROPHE4 #G4F4F ,USE NONDIREC;NAL D\BLE #G4F4F #AJC PUNCTUA;N B#GG .=,7 OR S+LE .=' QUOTA;N M>KS "KS )\T ANY SLANT OR CURL TO 3VEY 8OP5+0 OR 8CLOS+0"> ONLY 9 ! FOLL[+ RELATIVELY R>E CASES3 _4 :5 S* SYMBOLS >E 4T+UI%$ F DIREC;NAL SYMBOLS " _4 :5 ! SYMBOLS >E O!RWISE CLE>LY 9T5D$ " _4 :5 "! IS NO WAY TO 9F] DIREC;NAL;Y F 3TEXT4 ,O!RWISE USE DIREC;NAL QUOTA;N M>KS4 #G4F4G ,IF ! OP5+ "O-CELL " QUOTA;N M>K APPE>S 9 GRADE #A MODE1 X W 2 R1D Z A "Q M>K4 ,TO AVOID ?1 PLACE ! "O-CELL OP5+ QUOTA;N M>K 2F R ?AN AF ANY GRADE #A #G4F4G #AJD PUNCTUA;N C#GG 9DICATOR4 ,IF ? ISN'T POSSIBLE1 USE ! APPROPRIATE SPECIFIC QUOTA;N M>K4 ---------------------------#GH ,EXAMPLES3 ,SPELL 8;;,W-A-L-K0 S ! DOG /AYS CALM4 NOTE SIL5T LRS 9 ;;N-I-,8G-H,0-T #G4G ,MULTI-L9E BRACKETS .=,"< .=,"> .=,.< .=,.> .=,_< .=,_> #G4G4A ,PLACE ! APPROPRIATE MULTI-L9E BRACKET SYMBOL ON EA* BRL L9E1 ALIGN+ ! SYMBOLS V]TICALLY4 ,G5]ALLY1 MAT]IAL IS TOP JU/IFI$ 9 BRL EV5 :5 X IS C5TR$ V]TICALLY 9 PR9T4 .1,REF] .1TO3 ,SEC;N #G4G4A #AJE PUNCTUA;N A#GH #AA4H1 ,TE*NICAL ,MAT]IAL1 & .7,GUIDEL9ES = ,TE*NICAL ,MAT]IAL1.' = M 9=MA;N4 ,EXAMPLE3 ,I ,WE,_> RUN FA/4 ,Y ,_> ,!Y ,_> #G4G4A #AJF #GI ,SEC;N #H3 ,CAPITALISA;N .=,A TO .=,Z CAPITAL LRS ,A TO ;,Z .=,.A TO .=,.W CAPITAL ,GREEK LRS ,.A .<,ALPHA.> TO ,.W .<,OMEGA.> .=,, CAPITALS ^W 9DICATOR .=,,, CAPITALS PASSAGE 9DICATOR .=,' CAPITALS T]M9ATOR .1,REF] .1TO3 ,SEC;N #D1 ,LRS & ,_! ,MODIFI]S1 = ! COMPLETE LI/ ( CAPITALIS$ LRS 9 ! ,5GLI% & ,GREEK ALPHABETS4 #H4A ,USE ( CAPITALS #H4A4A ,FOLL[ PR9T = ! USE ( CAPITAL LRS4 .1,NOTE3 ,! TRANSCRIB] MAY #H4A4A #AJG CAPITALISA;N A#GI R1SONABLY R$UCE ! USE ( CAPITAL LRS 9 BRL :5 !Y >E US$ 9 PR9T Z A VISUAL EMBELLI%;T ,- S* Z = ^WS WRITT5 9 CAPITAL LRS AT ! 2G9N+ ( P>AGRAPHS OR *APT]S4 .1,REF] .1TO3 ,SEC;N #I4F1 ( ,TYPE=MS1 = H[ TO TRANSCRIBE SMALL CAPITAL LRS :5 US$ 9 PR9T Z A 4T9CTIVE TYPE=M4 #H4B ,EXT5T ( CAPITALS MODE #H4B4A ,! EXT5T ( CAPITALS MODE IS DET]M9$ BY ! CAPITALS 9DICATOR 9 USE4 #H4C ,DEF9+ A CAPITAL LR #H4C4A ,A CAPITAL LR IS A TWO- CELL SYMBOL : 3SI/S ( ! PREFIX .=, " & ! L[]CASE =M ( ! LR4 #H4C4A #AJH CAPITALISA;N B#GI ,EXAMPLES3 ,O ;,V #BJ,B ,B4,C4 ,HU%4 ,KEEP ,QUIET6 ;,C4 ,O4 ,L9KLETT] ---------------------------#HJ ;,M ,MAC,PH]SON & ,O ,O',H>A ',TWAS ,DR4 ,HAMILTON-,HALL4 ;;,B-,E-,L-,I-,E-,V-,E #H4C4B ,PLACE ! PREFIX DOT #F 2F A 3TRAC;N :5 ONLY XS F/ LR IS CAPITALIS$4 ,EXAMPLES3 ,"F ,$MOND ,&]SON ,TD1 ,MR ,W ,J VISIT$ U4 ,8 "N IS ,?OMAS4 #H4C4C ,ONLY A MODIFI] OR A LIGATURE 9DICATOR C 2 POSI;N$ 2T A LR & XS #H4C4C #AJI CAPITALISA;N A#HJ CAPITALS PREFIX4 .1,REF] .1TO3 ,SEC;NS #D4B & #D4C1 ( ,LRS & ,_! ,MODIFI]S1 = ! LI/ ( SYMBOLS 3SID]$ TO 2 MODIFI]S TO LRS4 ,EXAMPLES3 ,^/ETUDE ,VOYAGE ,^*A ,NICE #H4D ,CAPITALIS$ ^W 9DICATOR .=,, #H4D4A ,! CAPITALIS$ ^W 9DICATOR SETS CAPITALS MODE = ! NEXT LRS-SEQU;E OR ! REMA9D] ( ! CURR5T LRS- SEQU;E4 #H4D4B ,! E6ECT ( A CAPITALIS$ ^W 9DICATOR IS T]M9AT$ BY A SPACE1 A S+LE CAPITAL LR1 A NONALPHABETIC SYMBOL1 OR A CAPITALS T]M9ATOR1 B N BY A MODIFI] OR A LIGATURE #H4D4B #AAJ CAPITALISA;N B#HJ 9DICATOR4 ,EXAMPLES3 ,,P>LIA;T ---------------------------#HA ,,FRAN^&COIS ,,.P.B.F ,DIP,,TP ,,NEW ,,YORK ,,TV,ONT>IO 8,,G QKLY & ,,TAKE ,,C>E60 ,,ANGLO-,,SAXON ,MC,,GRAW-,,HILL ,,M]RY-,,G-,,R.D ,,UPP]CASE-L[]CASE ,,LL-,,R$-,,RID+-,,HOOD-TYPE TALES ,! D',,>TAGNAN ,ROM.ES ,O',,SULLIVAN ,,DON',T ,,T',S ,,%E',,LL ,,JACK',S ,,FO',C',S',,LE #H4D4B #AAA CAPITALISA;N A#HA ,,WELCOME ,,TO ,MC,,DONALD',S ,,OK'D ,,RSVP OR ,R4,S4,V4,P4 ,,HOTELS4,,COM ---------------------------#HB ,! ,N4,A4,S4,D4,A4,Q4 ,NEWS ,,BA"<,OXON"> "<,R">,,AC ,,W9D"D"> ,I_/,O ,B@&,B ,,AT@&,T ,MC,,DONALD@AXYZ4COM ,,SWIFT @& ,,CO4 ,,FREE^1=M ,E.2,,XAM9E #H4D4C ,A FULLY-CAPITALIS$ HYPH5AT$ COMP.D ^W IS CORRECTLY CAPITALIS$ IF X IS DIVID$ AT ! HYPH51 AT ! 5D ( ! BRL L9E4 #H4D4C #AAB CAPITALISA;N A#HB .1,NOTE3 ,? M1NS T ! NEW BRL L9E W 2G9 ) ! CAPITALIS$ ^W 9DICATOR "<: IS ALR REQUIR$"> FOLL[+ ! HYPH54 ,EXAMPLE3 """""""""""""""" ,,ANGLO- ,,SAXON #H4D4D ,A HYPH5 9S]T$ DUR+ TRANSCRIP;N TO 9DICATE ^W DIVI.N AT ! 5D ( A BRL L9E DOES N T]M9ATE CAPITALS ^W MODE4 ,EXAMPLE3 """"""""""""""""" ,,9T]- NA;NAL ---------------------------#HC #H4E ,CAPITALIS$ PASSAGE 9DICATOR .=,,, #H4E4A ,! CAPITALIS$ PASSAGE #H4E4A #AAC CAPITALISA;N A#HC 9DICATOR SETS CAPITALS MODE = ! NEXT PASSAGE4 #H4E4B ,A PASSAGE IS ?REE OR M SYMBOLS-SEQU;ES & X MAY 9CLUDE NON-ALPHABETIC SYMBOLS4 #H4E4C ,A CAPITALIS$ PASSAGE IS T]M9AT$ BY ! CAPITALS T]M9ATOR IMMLY FOLL[+ ! LA/ A6ECT$ SYMBOLS-SEQU;E4 ,EXAMPLES3 ,,,CAU;N3 WET PA9T6,' ,PL1SE ,,,KEEP (F ! GRASS,' 9 ? >EA4 ,,,! BBC AFRICA NEWS,' ,,,PR\D TO 2 A .F.B.K,' ,,,= SALE3 #AIGE FIREBIRD,' ,,,A SELF-MADE MAN,' ,,,BUY .1FAHR5HEIT .1#I_/#AA ON ;E-BAY,' ,,,A4A4 " MILNE,' #H4E4C #AAD CAPITALISA;N B#HC #H4E4D ,A CAPITALIS$ LR OR LRS-SEQU;E PLAC$ ADJAC5T TO ! 2G9N+ OR 5D ( A CAPITALIS$ PASSAGE IS N NECESS>ILY 3SID]$ TO 2 "P ( ! PASSAGE1 ESPECIALLY IF X IS SEP>AT$ F ! PASSAGE BY A SPACE OR PUNCTUA;N4 ---------------------------#HD ,EXAMPLES3 8444 AT #AA3#JJ ,,AM0,- ,,,M>KHAM ECONOMI/ & SUN,' ,,,/OP RUNN+ N[6,' ,X'S DANG]\S4 444 "<,SEE ,ATTA*;T ,A">4 ,A ,,CSP "<,C>RIAGE ,S]VICE ,PROVID]"> HAS OBLIGA;NS TO 444 ,G TO PO9T ,A4 ,,,B N YET6,' ,HE "W$ = ! ,,ABC4 ,A ,,BBC J\RNALI/ REPORT$ 444 #H4E4D #AAE CAPITALISA;N A#HD #H4E4E ,:5 TRANSCRIB+ A CAPITALIS$ PASSAGE : EXT5DS OV] M ?AN "O TEXT ELE;T "AGRAPHS1 OR A NUMB]$ OR BULLET$ LI/ ( PO9TS">1 EA* TEXT ELE;T IS PREC$$ BY ! CAPITALIS$ PASSAGE 9DICATOR & ! CAPITALS MODE IS T]M9AT$ ONLY AT ! 5D ( ! F9AL TEXT ELE;T4 ,EXAMPLE3 8,,,HE'S GETT+ AWAY6 HE'S OV] "!1 "U ! POR*40 8,,,I SEE HM4 I'LL CUT HM (F F ! O!R SIDE40 ---------------------------#HE 8,,,JUMP60 8,,,I CAU1 EA* TEXT ELE;T IS CAPITALIS$ SEP>ATELY4 ,EXAMPLE3 ,,,ON H1L? & M$IC9E,' ,,,9DIG5\S T1S DELAY AG+,' "<,,R1D]',S ,,DIGE/3 ,AUGU/ #AIIH"> ,9DIG5\S T1S H BE5 L9K$ 9 REC5T /UDIES TO IMPROV$ H1L? & 444 #H4E4G ,A S+LE H1D+ IS #H4E4G #AAG CAPITALISA;N B#HE CAPITALIS$ Z A UNIT EV5 IF X EXT5DS OV] M ?AN "O BRL L9E4 ,EXAMPLE3 ,,,LI/ ( SURVEY RECIPI5TS ORGANIS$ BY C.TRY,' ---------------------------#HF #H4F ,CAPITALS T]M9ATOR .=,' #H4F4A ,! CAPITALS T]M9ATOR IS PLAC$ AF ! F9AL CAPITALIS$ LR EI )9 OR FOLL[+ ! SYMBOLS-SEQU;E4 #H4F4B ,! CAPITALS T]M9ATOR MAY PREC$E OR FOLL[ PUNCTUA;N & O!R T]M9ATORS B X IS BE/ T 9DICATORS & PAIR$ "*S S* Z P>5!SES1 SQU>E BRACKETS & QUOTES 2 NE/$4 ,T #H4F4B #AAH CAPITALISA;N A#HF IS1 CLOSE PUNCTUA;N & 9DICATORS 9 REV]SE ORD] ( OP5+4 ,EXAMPLES3 ,HE %\T$ 8,,,I W N6,'0 .7,,,ROMEO & JULIET,'.' ,,,X'S A HOAX6 ",' #H4F4C ,IF X IS NEC TO T]M9ATE ! CAPITALS MODE 2F ! 5D ( A SYMBOLS-SEQU;E1 PLACE ! CAPITALS T]M9ATOR AF ! LA/ A6ECT$ LR ( EI CAPITALS ^W MODE OR CAPITALS PASSAGE MODE4 ,EXAMPLES3 ,,ABC,'S ,,WASP,'S ,,WALK,'+ UN,,SELF,'I% #H4F4C #AAI CAPITALISA;N B#HF ,,XXII,'ND ,,VII,'B ,,,9ITIALS ( WRIT],'_/ 9ITIALS ( SECRET>Y ,! TWO ,,CEO,'S MET 9 \R ,,CEO'S (FICE4 ---------------------------#HG #H4G ,PLACE;T ( 9DICATORS #H4G4A ,! DOT #F PREFIX1 ! CAPITALIS$ ^W 9DICATOR OR ! CAPITALIS$ PASSAGE 9DICATOR IS PLAC$ IMMLY 2F ! F/ CAPITALIS$ LR OR MODIFI] TO T LR1 S* Z A C$ILLA1 GRAVE A35T OR CIRCUMFLEX4 ,ONLY A MODIFI] OR LIGATURE 9DICATOR MAY COME 2T ! CAPITALS 9DICATOR & ! LR4 .1,REF] .1TO3 ,SEC;NS #D4B & #D4C1 ( ,LRS & ,_! ,MODIFI]S1 = ! LI/ ( SYMBOLS 3SID]$ TO 2 MODIFI]S TO LRS4 #H4G4A #ABJ CAPITALISA;N A#HG ,EXAMPLES3 8,S80 "<,JULY"> ;;,B-,U-,S .<,.S.> .7,VOYAGE ,^*A ,NICE.' ',,TIS ;,,CD 8,,%HHH60 ,HIPP;Y-,,HOP ^1,,RESOLV$ ,,^/ETUDE ,UNIFI$ ,5GLI% ,BRL "<,,UEB"> ;,,AC ,,SMI? ;,,,V-NECK SW1T]S = SALE6,' #H4H ,*OICE ( CAPITALIS$ 9DICATORS .1,NOTE3 ,:ILE ! DEFAULT TR1T;T = A SEQU;E ( CAPITAL LRS IS CAPITALS ^W MODE1 "! >E SITUA;NS ": ! TRANSCRIB] HAS A *OICE 2T US+ EI 9DIVIDUAL CAPITAL LRS OR #H4H #ABA CAPITALISA;N B#HG CAPITALS ^W MODE4 ,IF BO? *OICES W R5D] AN UNAMBIGU\S TRANSCRIP;N1 9T]PRET ! FOLL[+ RULES Z GUIDEL9ES4 #H4H4A ,*OOSE ! ME?OD : RETA9S ! USUAL BRL =M4 ---------------------------#HH ,EXAMPLES3 ,,XI ,,XI,'? ,,XXXI ,,XXXI,'/ ,,OK ,,OK,'D ;,,CD ,,CD,'S ,,RV3 ,RECR1;NAL ,VEHICLE,- ,LET'S G ,,RV,'+4 WWW4,,BLA/,S.D,MA*9E4COM WWW4,,BLA/,'S.DMA*9E4COM #H4H4B ,*OOSE ! ME?OD : BE/ 3VEYS ! M1N+4 ,9 "PICUL>1 *OOSE A ME?OD T AVOIDS ! NE$ = CAPITAL 9DICATORS OR T]M9ATORS )9 NATURAL #H4H4B #ABB CAPITALISA;N A#HH SUBUNITS ( AN EXPRES.N4 .1,NOTE3 ,9 ! EXAMPLES 2L S* SUBUNITS >E ! *EMICAL ELE;T ,BR 9 ,K,BR1 ! A2REVIA;N ,SC 9 ,B,SC OR ! ^W ,ONT>IO 9 ,,TV,ONT>IO4 ,EXAMPLES3 ,K,BR " ,B,SC "<,BA*ELOR ( ,SCI;E"> ,,TV,ONT>IO PRE,,S5T ,,PRES,'5T ,WOOOOOOO,,OOOOOOOO,'OOOOOOO " ---------------------------#HI ,M,HZ ,A,T&,T #H4H4C ,*OOSE ! ME?OD : GIVES 3SI/5CY "?\T A S+LE TITLE4 #H4H4C #ABC CAPITALISA;N A#HI ,EXAMPLES3 ,H;5#B,O ,O ;,H ,O,H ,K,CL ,C,H;5#B,O,H ,H,O,C,H;5#B .<*EMICAL =MULAE F A S+LE TITLE.> #H4I ,A35T$ LRS 9 FULLY CAPITALIS$ ^WS #H4I4A ,:5 9 PR9T AN A35T$ LR 9 A FULLY CAPITALIS$ ^W IS %[N 9 L[]CASE1 ! L[]CASE REPRES5TA;N MAY 2 IGNOR$ 9 BRL1 EXCEPT :5 FACSIMILE TRANSCRIP;N IS REQUIR$4 ,S* PRACTICE %D 2 EXPLA9$ 9 A TRANSCRIB]'S NOTE4 ,EXAMPLES3 ,,PREMI^*ERE ,,ESPA^]NOLA .<,! A35T$ LRS >E L[]CASE #H4I4A #ABD CAPITALISA;N B#HI 9 ! PR9T$ EXAMPLES4.> ,,,5D ( VOLUME,' #B #H4I4A #ABE